Antiseptic, astringent and haemostatic (galls)

Antiseptic, astringent and haemostatic (galls)

Antidiarrheal and astringent (aerial part); antiviral, anticancer and alleviates spasms (leaf).

Astringent, carminative, diuretic, laxative, ophthalmic and tonic (petals, hips and galls); vermifuge (seeds)

Bitter, astringent, sweet, cooling emollient aromatic, cardiotonic, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, digestive, carminative, aphrodisiac, depurative, febrifuge, intellect promoting styptic (flowers)

Emmenagogue and depurative (fruits, root and leaves); astringent (root bark); antibacterial, anticholesterolemic, astringent, carminative, diuretic and stomachic (dried fruit); vulnerary (leaves).

Alterative, anodyne, antiphlogistic, antitussive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, styptic, tonic, vulnerary, hypoglycemic (EtOH extract of aerial part); cleanses the bowel, antiseptic and astringent (root).

Decreases spasms in the urinary tract and possibly diuretic (a reddish color from the herb appears in the urine); astringent, tonic, lithontriptic, aperient, cholagogue, diuretic and emmenagogue (roots)

Astringent and febrifuge (plant); as a renal tonic and antidiuretic (inner bark)

abortifacient, astringent and emmenagogue (leaves); blood tonic (roots and leaves)

Anodyne, astringent and depurative (leaves and roots); expectorant (decoction of roots); demulcent (syrup of fruit).

Depurative and stomachic (plant); astringent, diuretic, laxative and refrigerant (fresh or dried leaves); astringent, diuretic and haemostatic (infusion of root).

Diuretic (fresh juice of the leaves); antipyretic, antitumor, depurative, diaphoretic, diuretic, hemostatic, laxative, peristaltic and refrigerant (whole plant); astringent (root)

Alterative, astringent, cholagogue, deobstruent, depurative, digestive, detergent, laxative and mildly tonic (root)

Acts as a gentle and safe laxative (plant); alterative, antiscorbutic, astringent, cholagogue, depurative, laxative and mildly tonic (root)

Astringent (leaves); laxative (roots)

Aperient, astringent, diuretic and cooling (leaves)

Antiinflammatory, acrid and astringent (plant)

Astringent, abortifacient and antidiabetic (root).

Anodyne, anti-inflammatory, antiperiodic, antiseptic, astringent, diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge, hypnotic, sedative and tonic (bark)