Sedative and narcotic (root and leaf); antiviral, antiprotozoal and hypoglycemic (50% EtOH leaf extract); anodyne, diuretic, mydriatic, narcotic, sedative.

The whole plant, but especially the leaves and seed, is anaesthetic, anodyne, antiasthmatic, antispasmodic, antitussive, bronchodilator, hallucinogenic, hypnotic and mydriatic; alleviates spasms and stimulates the cardiovascular system (fruit and plant); anthelmintic, anticancer, antiseptic, sedative and narcotic (plant); antiinflammatory and analgesic.

The leaves, flowering tops and seeds are anodyne, antiasthmatic, antispasmodic, hallucinogenic, hypnotic, mydriatic and narcotic; kills insects (plant extract); antidandruff (fruit); narcotic (seed); intoxicating (which can be fatal) and sedative (young fruit); anticholinergic, cyanogenetic, expectorant, reduces fever, fumitory, fungicidal, hypnotic, poisonous.

Hallucinogen, intoxicant, mydriatic, narcotic, sedative and stimulant.

Analgesic, anticholinesterase, antipyretic, antispasmodic, antidote, bronchodilator, CNS depressant, diaphoretic, hypotensive, mydriatic, nervine, respirasedative, sedative, tonic and vasodilator (root).

Haemostat (seed); antibacterial, antipyretic, hepatic, hypoglycaemic and vasodilator (root bark); ACE Inhibitor, analgesic, antiaging, antibacterial, antipyretic, bitter, depurative, hemostat, hepatoprotective, hepatotonic, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, immunosuppressive, mydriatic, nephrotonic, radioprotective, tonic (fruit).

Anticholinergic, antispasmodic, bitter, cerebrosedative, diuretic, hypnotic, intoxicant, mydriatic, myorelaxant, narcotic, parasympatholytic, positive chronotropic, positive dromotropic, sedative and toxic (dried root)