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Trifolium pratense Linn.


Botanical Name	:	Trifolium pratense Linn.
English Name	:	Purple Clover
Family	:	Fabaceae

General Info

Description

A small, perennial, hairy plant. Leaves 3-foliolate: leaflets ovate or oblong, entire or toothed, blunt-tipped or notched; flowers small, purple, many, in long-stalked, ovoid or round heads, 2.0-3.8 cm in diam; pods very small, 1-seeded.

Herb Effects

Hypothermic, depresses the central nervous system, alleviates spasms and diuretic (plant); detergent, depurative, alterative, tonic and sedative (flowers)

Links

Trifolium pratense L.
Plants for a Future
Herbs and supplements

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Allantoin (sprout seedling); alpha-tocopherol (inflorescence); arginine, 6a-hydroxypterocarpans and iso-flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, choline (plant); ascorbic acid, beta carotene, beta sitosterol, biochanin A, daidzein, genistein, isotrifolin, isorhamnetin, pratol, pratensol, trifolin, caffeic acid, coumarin, diadzein, eugenol, formononetin (flowers); mackianin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyrarioside (root); genistein (leaf); myricetin (seed)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Allantoin

97-59-6

(2,5-dioxoimidazolid
in-4-yl)urea

C₄H₆N₄O₃

alpha-Tocopherol

364-50-1

2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol

C₃₀H₅₂O₂

Arginine

7004-12-8

2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid

C₆H₁₄N₄O₂

Chlorogenic acid

327-97-9

3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid

C₁₆H₁₈O₉

Choline

67-48-1

2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium

C₅H₁₄NO+

Ascorbic acid

Not Available

2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one

C₆H₈O₆

beta-Carotene

Not Available

3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene

C₄₀H₅₆

beta-Sitosterol

5779-62-4

17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol

C₂₉H₅₀O

Genistein

446-72-0

4,5-dihydroxy-3-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-chrome
n-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₅

Isorhamnetin

480-19-3

3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(
4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
phenyl)-chromen-7-on
e

C₁₆H₁₂O₇

Caffeic acid

Not Available

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid

C₉H₈O₄

Coumarin

60094-90-8

6-(1,2-dihydroxy-3-m
ethyl-but-3-enyl)-7-
methoxy-chromen-2-on
e

C₁₅H₁₆O₅

Eugenol

97-53-0

2-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-phenol

C₁₀H₁₂O₂

Genistein

446-72-0

4,5-dihydroxy-3-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-chrome
n-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₅

Myricetin

529-44-2

3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(
3,4,5-trihydroxyphen
yl)-chromen-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₈

Biochanin A

Not Available

5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-m
ethoxyphenyl)chromen
-4-one

C₁₆H₁₂O₅

Daidzein

Not Available

7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydro
xyphenyl)chromen-4-o
ne

C₁₅H₁₀O₄

Isotrifolin

21637-25-2

3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-[
(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyet
hyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-o
xolan-2-yl ]oxy-2-(
3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)
-5,7-dihydroxy-chrom
en-4-one

C₂₁H₂₀O₁₂

Pratol

Not Available

7-hydroxy-2-(4-metho
xyphenyl)chromen-4-o
ne

C₁₆H₁₂O₄

Trifolin

Not Available

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-3-[(2S
,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-
trihydroxy -6-(hydr
oxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]
oxy-chromen-4-one

C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁

Formononetin

485-72-3

4-hydroxy-3-(4-metho
xyphenyl)-chromen-7-
one

C₁₆H₁₂O₄

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

For asthma, whooping cough and bronchitis (flower); in treating athlete's foot, bronchitis, burns, cancer, constipation, diuretic, expectorant, gall-bladder stones, gout, liver diseases, pertussis, rheumatism, skin sores, ulcers, for sore eyes and as a salve for burns (plant); for cancerous ulcers, corns etc. (flower extract)

Contraindication

Women who are pregnant and breastfeeding should avoid ingesting Red Clover.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.

Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

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