A small to moderate-sized tree, occasionally attaining a height of 24 m and a girth of 3.5 m. Branches somewhat ascending, usually not whorled; bark grey, exfoliating in irregular thin flakes; leaves in clusters of three, needle-like, 5-10 cm. long, stiff, dark green, partly persisting for 3-4 years; male cones 7.5-13.0 mm. long; female cones oblong-ovoid, 15-23 cm x 10-13 cm when ripe: scales thick, woody, about 3.8 cm x 2.5 cm, reflexed; seeds cylindrical, pointed at the tip, 2.0-2.5 cm long, dark brown, with a rudimentary wing; endosperm oily.
Herb Effects
Anodyne and stimulant (seed); antiseptic, diuretic, rubefacient and vermifuge (resin)
As a dressing on wounds, ulcers,in the treatment of head diseases (seed oil); in the treatment of kidney and bladder complaints and is used both internally and as a rub and steam bath in the treatment of rheumatic affections (resin); is useful in treating diseases of the mucous membranes and respiratory complaints such as coughs, colds, influenza and TB.
Contraindication
The wood, sawdust and resins from various species of pine can cause dermatitis in sensitive people.
Health Remedies 
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