Calendula officinalis Linn. |
| |
|
|
Botanical Name |
: |
Calendula officinalis Linn. |
English
Name |
: |
Marigold. Calendula. Common Calendula. English or Pot Marigold and Mary Bud |
Family |
: |
Asteraceae |
| |
General Info
| Description |
 |
|
An aromatic, erect, annual herb, up to 60 cm in height. Stems angular, glandular, hairy; leaves 2.5-7.5 cm long, alternate, sessile, spatulate or oblancleolate, dentate with widely spaced teeth, and hairy; lower spathulate, entire, upper lanceolate, with cordate-amplexicaul base; flower-heads terminal, heterogamous, light yellow to deep orange; ray florets fertile; achenes 1.0-1.5 cm long, boat-shaped, faintly ribbed. |
| Herb Effects |
|
|
Organic extract causes a reduction of reverse transcriptase activity accounting for its anti-HIV action (Kalvatchev), antiprotozoal and antispamodic (plant); antibacterial (essential oil and flower); reduces fever, diaphoretic, antiemetic and carminative; stimulant, bitter, tonic, sudorific, febrifuge, carminative,
anti-emetic and anthelmintic (florets). |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
|
|
Calenduline, oleanolic acid glycosides, alpha and beta-amyrin, gamma-taraxasterol, taraxasterol, brein, faradiol, lupeol, erythrodiol, arnidiol, calenduladiol, coflodiol, manilladiol, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol and campesterol flower); iso-rhamnetin. |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
|
|
|
 |
Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
 |
|
| Oleanolic acid |
508-02-1 |
10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
13,14b-t
etradecahydropicene-
4a-carboxylic acid |
C30H48O3 |
|
| alpha-Amyrin |
638-95-9 |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,1
4b-octamethyl-2,3,4a
,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,
12a,14,14a
-tetrade
cahydro-1H-picen-3-o
l |
C30H50O |
|
| beta-Amyrin |
559-70-6 |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a-
tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol |
C30H50O |
|
| Taraxasterol |
1059-14-9 |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-
heptamethyl-11-methy
lidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,
6a,7,8,9,1
0,12,12a
,13,14,14a-hexadecah
ydropicen-3-ol |
C30H50O |
|
| Faradiol |
Not Available |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4,4a,5,6,6a,6a,6b,7,
8,8a,9,12,
12a,13,1
4,14a,14b-icosahydro
picene-3,8-diol |
C30H50O2 |
|
| Lupeol |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C30H50O |
|
| Erythrodiol |
545-48-2 |
8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4
,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-h
eptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,
5,6,7,8,9,
10,12,12
a,14,14a-tetradecahy
dropicen-3-ol |
C30H50O2 |
|
| Arnidiol |
Not Available |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-
heptamethyl-11-methy
lidene-2,3,4,4a,5,6,
6a,6a,6b,7
,8,8a,9,
10,12,12a,13,14,14a,
14b-icosahydro-1H-pi
cene-3,8-diol |
C30H50O2 |
|
| Calenduladiol |
10070-48-1 |
Not Available |
C30H50O2 |
|
| Stigmasterol |
4736-55-4 |
17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10
,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one |
C29H48O |
|
| Beta-sitosterol |
5779-62-4 |
17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol |
C29H50O |
|
| Campesterol |
474-62-4 |
17-(5,6-dimethylhept
an-2-yl)-10,13-dimet
hyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,1
2,14,15,16
,17-dode
cahydro-1H-cyclopent
a[a]phenanthren-3-ol |
C28H48O |
|
|
Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
|
|
HIV, wounds (plant); eye diseases (flower infusion);in ointments for treating wounds, malignant ulcers, frost-bite and skin-damage, and scars; in dental pharmacology and for fumigation amenorrhea, cancer, conjunctivitis, corns, as a depurative agent, in fever, influenza, Hodgkin's disease, internal ulcers, vomiting, sore muscles, sprains, minor burns. |
| Contraindication |
|
|
Do not use during pregnancy. |
| Reference |
|
|
 Stary, Medicinal Herbs and Plants.
Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.
The Himalaya Drug Company.
Grieve M. A Modern Herbal (1931) (www.botanical.com).
Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference. |
|
|
|
|
|
Return to top