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Origanum vulgare Linn.


Botanical Name	:	Origanum vulgare Linn.
English Name	:	Oregano. Organy and Wild Marjoram
Synonym(s)	:	Hyssopus officinalis (Jufa or Hyssop) , Satureja hortensis (Savory).
Family	:	Lamiaceae

General Info

Description

Perennial erect aromatic herb (standing from 30 to 120 cm high) containing a woody rhizome a four-angled reddish hairy stem. Leaves broadly ovate, entire or rarely toothed; flowers have a five-toothed calyx and produce nectar; the fruit consists of nutlets; used as a spice.

Herb Effects

Stimulant (essential oil); antimicrobial, expectorant, antiseptic, antiinflammatory, diaphoretic, aids in digestion and carminative (plant); antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, stimulant, stomachic and mildly tonic (leaves and flowering stem)

Links

Oregano
Floridata
Plants for a Future

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Beta-pinene, and beta-caryophyllene (essential oil); 1,8-cineole, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpinene, apigenin, ascorbic acid, beta-bisabolene, beta-carotene, borneol, camphene, camphor, carvacrol, carvone, caryophyllene, catechol, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, delta-cadinene, eriodictyol, gamma-terpinene, geraniol, kaempferol, limonene, linalyl-acetate, linoleic acid, luteolin, myrcene, naringenin, naringin, niacin, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-cymene, p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, palmitic acid, quercetin, rutin, stearic acid, syringic acid, terpinen-4-ol, terpinolene, thiamin, thymol, ursolic acid, vanillic acid, vitexin (plant); caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, rosmarinic acid, (leaf); eugenol (shoot)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Carvacrol

499-75-2

2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-phenol

C₁₀H₁₄O

p-Cymene

Not Available

Dichlororuthenium;
1-methyl-5,6-dihydro
-4H-pyrimidine;
p-cymene

C₁₅H₂₄C_l2N₂Ru

beta-Pinene

23089-32-9

6,6-dimethyl-2-methy
lidene-norpinane

C₁₀H₁₆

beta-Caryophyllene

13877-93-5

4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene

C₁₅H₂₄

beta-Pinene

23089-32-9

6,6-dimethyl-2-methy
lidene-norpinane

C₁₀H₁₆

1,8-Cineole

8024-53-1

2,2,4-trimethyl-3-ox
abicyclo[2.2.2]octan
e

C₁₀H₁₈O

alpha-Linolenic acid

94138-91-7

octadeca-9,12,15-tri
enoic acid

C₁₈H₃₀O₂

alpha-Phellandrene

2243-33-6

2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne

C₁₀H₁₆

alpha-Pinene

80-56-8

2,7,7-trimethylbicyc
lo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene

C₁₀H₁₆

alpha-Terpinene

99-86-5

1-methyl-4-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne

C₁₀H₁₆

Apigenin

520-36-5

4,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-chrome
n-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₅

Ascorbic acid

Not Available

2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one

C₆H₈O₆

beta-Bisabolene

495-61-4

6-methyl-2-(4-methyl
-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)-
hepta-1,5-diene

C₁₅H₂₄

beta-Carotene

Not Available

3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene

C₄₀H₅₆

Borneol

10385-78-1

1,7,7-trimethylnorbo
rnan-2-ol

C₁₀H₁₈O

Camphene

5794-04-7

2,2-dimethyl-3-methy
lidene-norbornane

C₁₀H₁₆

Camphor

8022-77-3

1,7,7-trimethylnorbo
rnan-2-one

C₁₀H₁₆O

Carvone

53763-73-8

2-methyl-5-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohex-2-en-
1-one

C₁₀H₁₄O

Caryophyllene

87-44-5

4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene

C₁₅H₂₄

Catechol

37349-32-9

benzene-1,2-diol

C₆H₆O₂

Chlorogenic acid

327-97-9

3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid

C₁₆H₁₈O₉

Cinnamic acid

63938-16-9

3-phenylprop-2-enoic
acid

C₉H₈O₂

delta-Cadinene

Not Available

1,6-dimethyl-4-propa
n-2-yl-2,3,4,4a,7,8-
hexahydronaphthalene

C₁₅H₂₄

Eriodictyol

4049-38-1

(2R)-2-(3,4-dihydrox
yphenyl)-5,7-dihydro
xy-chroman-4-one

C₁₅H₁₂O₆

gamma-Terpinene

99-85-4

1-methyl-4-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,4-die
ne

C₁₀H₁₆

Geraniol

8007-13-4

3,7-dimethylocta-2,6
-dien-1-ol

C₁₀H₁₈O

Kaempferol

80714-53-0

3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one

C₃₃H₄₀O₂₁

Limonene

9003-73-0

1-methyl-4-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohexene

C₁₀H₁₆

Linalyl acetate

8022-85-3

3,7-dimethylocta-1,6
-dien-3-yl acetate

C₁₂H₂₀O₂

Linoleic acid

8024-22-4

Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid

C₁₈H₃₂O₂

Luteolin

Not Available

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-ch
romen-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₆

Myrcene

2153-31-3

7-methyl-3-methylide
ne-octa-1,6-diene

C₁₀H₁₆

Naringenin

Not Available

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-chroma
n-4-one

C₁₅H₁₂O₅

Naringin

38664-96-9

7-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-
4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hyd
roxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3
R,4R,5S,6S )-3,4,5-
trihydroxy-6-methyl-
oxan-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2
-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-
(4 -hydroxyphenyl)c
hroman-4-one

C₂₇H₃₂O₁₄

Niacin

99148-57-9

pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid

C₆H₅NO₂

Oleanolic acid

508-02-1

10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,
13,14b-tetradecahydr
opicene-4a-carboxyli
c acid

C₃₀H₄₈O₃

Oleic acid

8046-01-3

octadec-9-enoic acid

C₁₈H₃₄O₂

p-Coumaric acid

501-98-4

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid

C₉H₈O₃

p-Hydroxybenzoic acid

99-96-7

4-hydroxybenzoic
acid

C₇H₆O₃

Palmitic acid

66321-94-6

Hexadecanoic acid

C₁₆H₃₂O₂

Quercetin

Not Available

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₇

Rutin

Not Available

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate

C₂₇H₃₆O₁₉

Stearic acid

82497-27-6

octadecanoic acid

C₁₈H₃₆O₂

Syringic acid

64887-60-1

4-hydroxy-3,5-dimeth
oxy-benzoic acid

C₉H₁₀O₅

Terpinen-4-ol

Not Available

4-methyl-1-propan-2-
yl-cyclohex-3-en-1-o
l

C₁₀H₁₈O

Terpinolene

586-62-9

1-methyl-4-propan-2-
ylidene-cyclohexene

C₁₀H₁₆

Thiamin

59-43-8

2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol

C₁₂H₁₇N₄OS+

Thymol

89-83-8

5-methyl-2-propan-2-
yl-phenol

C₁₀H₁₄O

Ursolic acid

77-52-1

10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12, 13,14b-t
etradecahydro-1H-pic
ene-4a-carboxylic
acid

C₃₀H₄₈O₃

Vanillic acid

Not Available

4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
benzoic acid

C₈H₈O₄

Vitexin

521-33-5

4,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-8-[3,4
,5-trihydroxy-6-(hyd
roxymethyl )oxan-2-
yl]-chromen-5-one

C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀

Caffeic acid

Not Available

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid

C₉H₈O₄

Rosmarinic acid

537-15-5

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-2-[3-(3,4-dihydr
oxyphenyl)prop-2-eno
yloxy]prop anoic
acid

C₁₈H₁₆O₈

Eugenol

97-53-0

2-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-phenol

C₁₀H₁₂O₂

Protocatechuic acid

5417-95-8

N,N-diethyl-N'-(2,4,
8,9-tetrazabicyclo[4
.3.0]nona-2,4,7,10-t
etraen-5-y l)propan
e-1,3-diamine

C₁₂H₂₀N₆

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In diarrhea, toothache, as a tonic and stimulant (essential oil); as an emmenagogue, in infections of the upper respiratory tract and skin, coughs and periodontal disease (plant); rheumatism (essential oil and plant); in the treatment of colds, bronchitis, asthma, arthritis, muscular pain, influenza, mild feverish illnesses, indigestion, stomach upsets and painful menstruation (plant)

Contraindication

It should not be used medicinally by pregnant women.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.

Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

Bentley and Trimen, Medicinal Plants.

Stary, Medicinal Herbs and Plants.

The Himalaya Drug Company.

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