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Botanical Name |
: |
Pinus strobus L. |
English
Name |
: |
Eastern white pine, Northern white pine, Soft pine, Weymouth pine, White pine |
Synonym(s) |
: |
Pinus strobus L. forma prostrata (Rehder ex Beissn.) Fernald & Weath. |
Family |
: |
Pinaceae |
| |
General Info
| Description |
 |
|
A stately canopy tree 75-100 ft. tall; sometimes much taller. Bark: smooth and dark green when young, becoming scaly and dark (like spruce pine) when older. Leaves: needles in fascicles of 5; 2.5-5.0 inches long; flexible, thin; deciduous sheath. Fruit: 4-8 inches, stalked; umbo terminal, un-armed. |
| Herb Effects |
|
|
Antiseptic, diuretic, rubefacient and vermifuge (turpentine obtained from the resin); demulcent, diuretic and expectorant (dried inner bark) |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
|
|
Abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid, isopimaric acid, sandaracopimaric acid (resin, exudate and sap); chrysin, pinocembrin, pinostrobin (wood); coniferin, coniferyl alcohol, dihydropinosylvin, pinoresinol, pinosylvin (bark); leucocyanidin (plant) |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
|
|
|
 |
Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
 |
|
| Abietic acid |
72452-62-1 |
(1R,4aS,4bR,10aS)-1,
4a-dimethyl-7-propan
-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,1
0,10a-octa
hydrophe
nanthrene-1-carboxyl
ic acid |
C20H30O2 |
|
| Dehydroabietic acid |
2501-27-1 |
1,4a-dimethyl-7-prop
an-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,1
0a-hexahydrophenanth
rene-1-car
boxylic
acid |
C20H28O2 |
|
| Isopimaric acid |
5835-26-7 |
(1R,4aS)-7-ethenyl-1
,4a,7-trimethyl-3,4,
4b,5,6,8,10,10a-octa
hydro-2H-p
henanthr
ene-1-carboxylic
acid |
C20H30O2 |
|
| Sandaracopimaric acid |
471-74-9 |
7-ethenyl-1,4a,7-tri
methyl-3,4,4b,5,6,9,
10,10a-octahydro-2H-
phenanthre
ne-1-car
boxylic acid |
C20H30O2 |
|
| Chrysin |
480-40-0 |
4,5-dihydroxy-2-phen
yl-chromen-7-one |
C15H10O4 |
|
| Pinocembrin |
Not Available |
(2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2
-phenyl-chroman-4-on
e |
C15H12O4 |
|
| Pinostrobin |
Not Available |
5,7-dihydroxy-2-phen
yl-chroman-4-one |
C15H12O4 |
|
| Coniferin |
Not Available |
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(
hydroxymethyl)-6-[4-
[(E)-3-hydroxyprop-1
-enyl]-2-m
ethoxy-p
henoxy]oxane-3,4,5-t
riol |
C16H22O8 |
|
| Coniferyl alcohol |
458-35-5 |
4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-e
nyl)-2-methoxy-pheno
l |
C10H12O3 |
|
| Dihydropinosylvin |
Not Available |
5-phenethylbenzene-1
,3-diol |
C14H14O2 |
|
| Pinoresinol |
Not Available |
4-[(1R,4S,5R,8S)-4-(
4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
phenyl)-3,7-dioxabic
yclo[3.3.0
]oct-8-y
l]-2-methoxy-phenol |
C20H22O6 |
|
| Pinosylvin |
Not Available |
5-[(E)-2-phenylethen
yl]benzene-1,3-diol |
C14H12O2 |
|
| Leucocyanidin |
480-17-1 |
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,4,5,7-t
etrol |
C15H14O7 |
|
|
Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
|
|
The turpentine obtained from the resin of tree is a valuable remedy used internally in the treatment of kidney and bladder complaints and is used both internally and as a rub and steam bath in the treatment of rheumatic affections. It is also very beneficial to the respiratory system and so is useful in treating diseases of the mucous membranes and respiratory complaints such as coughs, colds, influenza and TB. Externally it is a very beneficial treatment for a variety of skin complaints, wounds, sores, burns, boils etc and is used in the form of liniment plasters, poultices, herbal steam baths and inhalers. A poultice of pitch has been used to draw out toxins from boils and reduce the pain. An infusion of dried inner bark is used for treating colds and used as an ingredient in commercial cough syrups, where it serves to promote the expulsion of phlegm. A poultice made from the pounded inner bark is used to treat cuts, sores and wounds. The wetted inner bark can be used as a poultice on the chest in treating strong colds. A tea made from the young needles is used to treat sore throats. It is a good source of vitamin C and so is effective against scurvy. An infusion of the young twigs has been used in the treatment of kidney disorders and pulmonary complaints. The powdered wood has been used as a dressing on babies chaffed skin, sores and improperly healed navels. |
| Reference |
|
|
 James A Duke and Maryl Fulton. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs - 2nd Edition, P: 774, CRC Press July 2002.
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