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Erythroxylum coca Lam.


Botanical Name	:	Erythroxylum coca Lam.
English Name	:	Coca
Family	:	Erythroxylaceae

General Info

Description

A plant grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, more or less tapering at the extremities. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries.

Herb Effects

Local anaesthetic, general stimulant, aphrodisiac, emmenagogue, antiperiodic

Links

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Erythroxylum coca Lam
King's American Dispensatory
The American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Ascorbic acid, beta-amyrin, beta-carotene, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, cocaine, cyanidin, geraniin, isoquercitrin, methyl-salicylate, niacin, nicotine, palmitic acid, procyanidins, quercitrin, riboflavin, rutin, thiamin (leaf); chlorogenic acid, kaempferol (plant).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Ascorbic acid

Not Available

2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one

C₆H₈O₆

beta-Amyrin

559-70-6

4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol

C₃₀H₅₀O

beta-Carotene

Not Available

3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene

C₄₀H₅₆

Caffeic acid

Not Available

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid

C₉H₈O₄

Cinnamic acid

63938-16-9

3-phenylprop-2-enoic
acid

C₉H₈O₂

Cocaine

53-21-4

methyl
(2R,3S)-3-benzoyloxy
-8-methyl-8-azabicyc
lo[3.2.1]octane-2-ca
rbo xylate

C₁₇H₂₁NO₄

Cyanidin

87725-42-6

[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphe
nyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-c
hromen-5-ylidene]oxo
nium

C₁₅H₁₁O₆+

Geraniin

60976-49-0

Not Available

C₄₁H₂₈O₂₇

Isoquercitrin

21637-25-2

3-[5-(1,2-dihydroxye
thyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-
oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3
,4-dihydro xyphenyl
)-4,5-dihydroxy-chro
men-7-one

C₂₁H₂₀O₁₂

Methyl salicylate

8024-54-2

methyl
2-hydroxybenzoate

C₈H₈O₃

Niacin

99148-57-9

pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid

C₆H₅NO₂

Nicotine

65-31-6

3-(1-methylpyrrolidi
n-2-yl)pyridine

C₁₀H₁₄N₂

Palmitic acid

66321-94-6

Hexadecanoic acid

C₁₆H₃₂O₂

Quercitrin

6151-25-3

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
methyl-oxa n-2-yl)o
xy-chromen-7-one

C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁

Riboflavin

Not Available

C₁₇H₂₁N₄O₉P

Rutin

Not Available

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate

C₂₇H₃₆O₁₉

Thiamin

59-43-8

2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol

C₁₂H₁₇N₄OS+

Chlorogenic acid

327-97-9

3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid

C₁₆H₁₈O₉

Kaempferol

80714-53-0

3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one

C₃₃H₄₀O₂₁

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Stimulate the gastric nerves, greatly facilitate digestion, in relieving the sense of fatigue from excessive mental or physical exercise (leaves); relieves gastric pain, asthma, gout, nausea, rheumatism

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