A tree that grows up to 33m in height with a girth of 180cm. Bole is buttressed and shows stilt roots. Bark is pale with 2.5cm-diameter lenticels. Stem is rough with scars of leaves, 5mm in diameter. Leaves are simple, decussate,and stipulate, the stipules are lanceolate and 2–4cm long. Petiole is 1.5cm long. Blade is elliptical to elliptical–oblong, 12cm × 8cm, 10.5cm × 3.7cm, black-dotted below. Flowers are yellow, 1–1.2cm, and the calyx is 10–12cm long. Fruits are angular hypocotyls, 7cm × 15cm, and 6–8cm long with blunt ends. Calyx is persistent, 1.4cm × 1.7cm, with 12 triangular lobes which are 1.8cm × 2mm and red.

Astringent (bark)

PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation

Tannin (bark)

Used externally to treat shingles (fruits); to treat burns (roots and leaves).

Christophe Wiart. Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific, P:148, CRC Press, June 2006.