Diuretic, lithontripic and oxytocic (mature seeds); sedative (leaves); depurative (root); contraceptive (herb extract)

Analgesic, antigonadotropic, antiseptic, contraceptive, diuretic (root)

Abortifacient, anthelmintic, contraceptive, emmenagogue, galactagogue, laxative, purgative, tonic, laxative and emetic (leaf), cytotoxic and lowers blood sugar (fruit and seed), lipogenic and antilipolytic (fruit), kills insects (seed oil).

Stimulant, carminative and against fever (root); increases: strength, stamina, virility, salivation and the secretion of gastric juices; anthelmintic, anticonvulsive, antiemetic, antirheumatic, aphrodisiac, blood purifier, contraceptive and demulcent.

Aphrodisiac, contraceptive, demulcent, diuretic, emollient, estrogenic, expectorant, laxative, pectoral, purgative, refrigerant

Carminative, stimulant, antibacterial and inhibits tumor growth (leaf); anthelmintic, respiratory and cardiac depressant, alleviates spasms and antiseptic (essential oil); contraceptive (root); aphrodisiac and astringent.

Contraceptive, fungistatic and spermacidal (seed)

Stimulant, hemostatic, sedative, diuretic, styptic, emmenagogue and lithontriptic (plant); antiovulatory, stimulant, diuretic, carminative, tonic and anthelmintic and antifertility (root); anti-inflammatory, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue, stimulant, stomachic, styptic, antibiotic and cytotoxic (leaf); carminative, diuretic and stimulant (seed)

Diuretic, tonic, vermifuge and contraceptive (seed); antigonorrheic, purifies blood, antibacterial, antiscorbutic, depurative, diuretic and febrifuge (plant); analgesic, anthelmintic, gently laxative, astringent, tonic (to the heart), demulcent, emollient, hemostatic, reduces fever and diaphoretic.

Antirheumatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, cardiotonic, contraceptive, diuretic, poultice, sedative and tonic (leaves)

Laxative (seed oil); lowers blood sugar (leaf and stem); diuretic and poisonous (can be fatal) (seed); antiviral and stimulates milk production and flow (leaf decoction); anticancer and antiprotozoal (stem and root); kills bacteria, contraceptive, emollient.

Laxative and anthelmintic (fruit and root bark); androgenic (fruit); contraceptive (seed and fruit); stimulates the central nervous system (fruit rind).

Anthelmintic (leaf juice); contraceptive (flower); antiseptic, antiinflammatory, hypoglycemic, depresses heart activity and antibacterial (seed); stimulates the cardiovascular system and antiviral (aerial part); anthelmintic (leaves)

Aphrodisiac (seed); alleviates spasms, contraceptive, diuretic, antiprotozoal and cholinergic (plant); reduces fever (root).

Analgesic, contraceptive, depurative, emmenagogue, hallucinogen, narcotic.

Diuretic, emollient, febrifuge, tonic and antifertility (plant); laxative (leaves); styptic (flowers and pods); antibacterial, anticholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, haemostatic and hypotensive (flower and flower buds); abortifacient (seedpods); emetic and haemostatic (seeds).

Diuretic, and antifertility (temporarily) in women (fruit pulp)

Anticancer, antiviral, alleviates spasms, antimalarial, antifertility and decreases sperm numbers (fruit); light, acrid, cooling and astringent (plant)

Analgesic, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, carminative, CNS Stimulant, contraceptive, diuretic, hallucinogen, narcotic and psychomimetic (seeds)