Emollient, diuretic and anticatarrhal (root); dissolves gall stones (seed oil).

Anticatarrhal (root); spermicidal and stimulates the central nervous system (aerial part); expectorant (plant decoction)

Anti-microbial, astringent, carminative, anti-catarrhal, expectorant, vulnerary, alterative, analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, expectorant, stimulant, rejuvenative.

Alterative, tonic and anticatarrhal (plant)