Emetic; laxative and antibilious (pod decoction); diuretic (aerial part); hemolytic; alleviates spasms and spermicidal (bark); antimalarial (leaf); spermicidal activity; expectorant; aperient.

Antiprotozoal, antiarrhythmic, anticancer, cooling and bitter, possesses anti-bilious, antiseptic properties, and is a laxative, diuretic, expectorant and alleviates spasms (plant); antibacterial (leaf); antibilious (plant decoction).

Anti-depressant, laxative, antibilious, aperient, appetizer, cathartic, cholagogue, detergent, tonic, vermifuge (herb).

Allergenic, antibilious, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antiradicular, antiviral, bitter, carminative, chemopreventive, choleretic, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, gastrostimulant, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, immunostimulant, laxative, lipolytic, phagocytotic, probiotigenic, stimulant, tonic.

Antirheumatic, antiscorbutic, antiseptic, antiviral, aperitif, bactericidal, febrifuge, restorative, tonic, diuretic and stimulates the central nervous system (aerial part); anthelmintic and antibilious (fruit juice), antiemetic, antitussive, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive and expectorant (fruit). An oil obtained from the seeds contains linolenic acid, which has the ability to reduce cholesterol level in the blood.

The seed is aromatic, carminative, expectorant, narcotic, stimulant and stomachic. antibilious; increases the secretion of gastric juices, reduces fever, carminative and stimulant (fruit); diuretic and aphrodisiac (fruit and dried seed); fungitoxic against Helminthosporium oryzae (50% EtOH plant extract).

Antibilious, appetizer, carminative, cholagogue, mildly diuretic, hepatic, laxative and antiscorbutic (whole plant)

The seeds are alterative, anthelmintic, carminative and antibilious (stem); laxative and antifertility (plant); antiviral (50% EtOH aerial part extract).

Laxative and antibilious (fruit); hypoglycemic and induces low blood lipids (gum); retards growth in rats, as a chemotherapeutic agent against smallpox (seed).

Antibilious, laxative, demulcent (leaf);

Alexeteric, antibilious, antipyretic, demulcent, depurative, hypocholesterolemic, rubefacient, vulnerary.

Acts as purgative, astringent and tonic (whole plant); anthelminthic, diuretic and antibilious (roasted seeds).

The fruit is used as a demulcent, diuretic, antiseptic and aphrodisiac. antibilious (root); alleviates spasms (fruit); kills certain larvae and diuretic (plant).

Emollient (capsules); astringent, antibilious and antiphlegmonous (root)

Aphrodisiac, antibilious & mild sedative agent.

Antirheumatic, antibilious, laxative, diuretic, antiinflammatory, alleviates spasms and stimulates the central nervous system.

Carminative, emetic, alterative, diuretic, antibilious, antiinflammatory, depresses the central nervous system and sedative (fruit); proteolytic (plant and fruit).

Antiepileptic, sedative, laxative, diaphoretic, emollient, diuretic, sedative and antibilious (plant); antiinflammatory, antitumor and hypothermic (root); astringent, alterative, antisyphilitic and diuretic (leaves)