Anti-cancerous, emmenagogue, emollient, laxative, purgative, stimulant, stomachic, tonic, vermifuge, vulnerary, abortifacient. antiseptic. promotes or stimulates the flow of bile, decoagulant, antibacterial, demulcent, stimulates the secretion of gastric juices, ecbolic, insecticidal, anthlemintic (antitubercular), oxytocic and reduces fever.

Antitubercular (flower tops and root) and anticonvulsant (plant); nervine and alterative tonic.

Insecticidal, hypothermic, diuretic and stimulates the central nervous system (plant); antitubercular, antifungal and antibacterial (root bark).

Carminative (fruit), stimulant, diuretic, lowers blood pressure and reduces fever (root), analgesic (root and fruit), antimicrobial (essential oil), hypoglycemic and induces spasms (plant) antitubercular and hematinic.

Antiseptic, antitubercular and antidysenteric (plant); anthelmintic (leaves)

Antiarthritic, laxative, antibacterial, antitubercular, and antipyretic (root).