Analgesic, antiemetic, aphrodisiac, aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive, expectorant, nervine, rubefacient, stimulant, stomachic.

Hypnotic, narcotic, sedative, stomachic and tonic (seeds); useful in arresting secretion or bleeding (bark); purifies the blood and aids digestion, increases the function of the brain by releasing more glutamic acid into the bloodstream (fruit); astringent and febrifuge (leaves); anodyne, anticancer, pectoral, refrigerant, sedative, stomachic, styptic and tonic (dried fruits).