Giardiasis is an intestinal illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia lamblia. The giardia parasite is passed in the feces of an infected person or animal and may contaminate water or food. Through food or water the parasite or cyst is ingested and reaches the intestines. They attach to the inside of the intestinal wall, where they can disrupt the normal function of the intestines and compete for important nutrients. This leads to the symptoms of giardiasis.

Disruption of the intestinal surface can reduce the body's ability to absorb nutrients from food passing through the intestines. Malabsorption of food leads to diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and gas. Fever is rarely present. Occasionally, some will have chronic diarrhea over several weeks or months, with significant weight loss. A diagnosis is made by examining a fresh stool specimen to see if the parasite or cysts are present.

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