Abies chinensis

In the treatment of kidney or bladder problems, and also makes a good enema for treating diarrhoea (inner bark or twigs); as a gargle or mouthwash for mouth and throat problems or externally to wash sores and ulcers (bark)

Abutilon indicum

In fevers, chest affections, gonorrhoea and urethritis (infusion of leaves and roots); used as an eyewash and as a mouthwash in toothache, tender gums, in gonorrhoea and for the inflammation of the bladder (leaf decoction); ; to boils and ulcers (flowers); used in piles and coughs (seed decoction); used in relieving strangury, haematuria and leprosy (root infusion).

Abutilon theophrasti

Fever, dysentery, and stomachaches (plant); in the treatment of dysentery and opacity of the cornea; in the treatment of dysentery and urinary incontinence (root); A poultice of the leaves is applied to ulcers.

Aesculus hippocastanum

Reduces fluid retention by increasing the permeability of the capillaries and allowing the re-absorption of excess fluid back into the circulatory system, for the treatment of a wide range of venous diseases, including hardening of the arteries, varicose veins, phlebitis, leg ulcers, haemorrhoids and frostbite (plant); in the treatment of malaria and dysentery, externally in the treatment of lupus and skin ulcers (tea from bark); fevers and whooping cough (leaves); in the treatment of rheumatism, neuralgia and haemorrhoids (seeds)

Aesculus pavia

For ulcers (bark); in the treatment of cancer tumours and infections, and as a salve for sores (seeds); dyspepsia (root infusion)

Albizia odoratissima

For ulcers and leprosy (bark); in cough (leaf); erysipelas, wounds, dyspnoea, and as an antidote for snake bite and food poisoning.

Alchemilla vulgaris

Helps reduce pains associated with periods as well as ameliorating excessive bleeding, in easing the changes of the menopause, for diarrhea, as a mouthwash for sores and ulcers and as a gargle for laryngitis

Alkanna tinctoria

In the treatment of varicose veins, indolent ulcers, bed sores and itching rashes.

Alliaria petiolata

To promote sweating and to treat bronchitis, asthma and eczema, effective in relieving the itching caused by bites and stings (leaves) Externally, they are as an antiseptic poultice on ulcers. The juice of the plant has an inhibitory effect on Bacillus pyocyaneum and on gram-negative bacteria of the typhoid-paratyphoid-enteritis group.

Alstonia scholaris

In tuberculosis and as a tonic and laxative (bark decoction); in skin disorders, in dysentery, chronic diarrhea and fever, in heart diseases, asthma and to stop bleeding of wounds; for deafness (bark); in leprosy and dyspepsia (fresh bark juice); for beri-beri and liver congestion (decoction of young leaf); to ulcers, sores, tumours and in rheumatic pain, and is used for curing toothache, an antidote for Antiaris- poisoning (the milky juice or latex).

Anacardium occidentale

For diarrhea, dysentery, colic, as an internal and external antiseptic against bacterial infections, for all kinds of stomach ulcers, for ear and eye infections and to stop bleeding and heal wounds. For calluses, corns, and warts, cancerous ulcers, and even elephantiasis (fruit bark juice and the nut oil); dysentery, fever, inappetence, leucoderma, piles, tumors, and obstinate ulcers (fruit); for sore throat (leaf decoction)

Anamirta cocculus

As an insecticide to destroy pediculi and in skin diseases (seed oil); in the treatment of quotidian ague, to treat malaria, foul ulcers and scabies (fresh leaves); epilepsy, paralysis of pharynx and lower limbs (seeds).

Anemarrhena asphodeloides

For fevers accompanied with dryness in the lungs, stomach or kidneys, ulcers, cancer, childbirth, cough, diabetes, dysentery, fever, hyperglycemia, inflammation, lumbago, morning sickness, osteosis, pneumonia, scarlet fever, spermatorrhea, tuberculosis, typhoid, typhus, vertigo.

Annona reticulata

On boils, abscesses and ulcers (leaves); for diarrhea and dysentery (unripe fruit); to relieve toothache (root bark)

Annona squamosa

Head lice removal (seed); for cancerous tumors (bruised leaves and salt combination), administered in acute dysentery and as a snuff to overcome hysteria (bruised leaves). Leaves made into a paste without adding water are applied to unhealthy ulcers and wounds. The leaf decoction is also employed in baths to alleviate rheumatic pain.

Annona triloba

To boils, ulcers and abscesses (leaves)

Aphanamixis polystachya

Used to treat splenomegaly, liver disorders, tumor, gastric ulcer, dyspepsia, intestinal worms, skin diseases, leprosy, diabetes, opthalmopathy, jaundice, haemorrhoids. Seeds are laxative, anodyne and anthelmintic; Used to treat ulcers, ophthalmopathy, otopathy, myalgia, skin diseases.

Aralia nudicaulis

In the treatment of pulmonary diseases, cough, asthma, rheumatism, stomach aches and cystitis (root); used as a poultice in treating rheumatism, sores, burns, itchy skin, ulcers and skin problems such as eczema (root paste)

Aralia racemosa

In the treatment of pulmonary diseases, asthma, rheumatism etc (herb); to sores, burns, itchy skin, ulcers, swellings etc (root/fruit).Externally it is used as a poultice in treating rheumatism and skin problems such as eczema.

Areca catechu

To treat inflammation of the eyes, giddiness and gleet, in urinary maladies and diarrhea (powdered); skin disorders and external ulcers, for cleaning teeth, in the removal of tapeworms and other intestinal parasites, to treat liver disorders (root decoction).

Asphodelus tenuifolius

Diuretic, applied externally to ulcers and inflamed parts of the body (seeds); in atherosclerosis (seed and its oil).

Avicennia officinalis

As a contraceptive and snakebite antidote (bark resin); used for healing skin lesions of smallpox (flesh of unripe fruit); heals inflammations, abscesses, ulcers and boils (poultice of unripe seeds).

Balanites aegyptiaca

In rheumatism (seed oil); stomach problems and as an expectorant (seed); useful in burns, wounds and ulcers, common cold, whooping cough, leucoderma, malaria, sleeping sickness and other skin diseases.

Bauhinia variegata

In skin diseases, scrofula, ulcers, leprosy and menstrual problems (bark); dysentery (bark decoction and dried bud); hemorrhoids (bark and dried buds); diarrhea (dried bud); in haemorrhagic disorders (paste of bark, roots and flowers); an antidote to snake poison (root); cough, piles, haematuria and menorrhagia; the flowers are laxative (decoction of bud).

Blepharis persica

Impotency and rheumatism (plant); headache (leaf paste); in wounds, ulcers, nasal haemorrhage, asthma, throat inflammation, ascites, and disorders of liver and spleen, and as a purgative (leaves).

Blighia sapida

To alleviate headaches, to the skin to heal ulcers, in ophthalmia and conjunctivitis (leaves); for epilepsy, yellow fever, breast cancer, cold, testicle cancer, small pox, tumour and vomiting.

Borassus flabellifer

In skin troubles and blood purification (bark); in dysentery (decoction); useful in inflammatory affections, ulcers and dropsy, in digestive troubles and sometimes in chronic gonorrhoea; in diabetes, as a tonic to asthmatic and anaemic patients, and in Hansen's disease (juice).

Boswellia serrata

In ulcers, tumours, goitre, cystic breast, diarrhea and dysentery, piles and skin diseases; useful in rheumatoid arthritis and cervical adenitis, found to improve blood supply to the joints and restore integrity of vessels weakened by spasm.

Brassica juncea

Folk remedy for arthritis, foot ache, lumbago, and rheumatism. Tumours, abscesses, colds, lumbago, rheumatism, and stomach disorders (seed); skin eruptions and ulcers (mustard oil); for headache (leaves).

Canscora decussata

Nerve disorders, in insanity, scrofula and epilepsy (plant decoction); as laxative and tonic; as a febrifuge; to promote memory power, cure leprosy, ulcers, oedema, urinary disorders and snake-bites; to treat liver disorders, intermittent fever, leucoderma, tuberculosis, inflammation and abdominal troubles.

Carallia brachiata

For contagious ulcers (fruit juice); for sapraemia (leaves); used for treating oral ulcers, inflammation of the throat and stomatitis (bark)

Careya arborea

Snakebite antidote (fruit and bark), in treating body pain, fever, cold, cough, and leucoderma. The plant parts are used to treat snakebite, ulcers, healing wound, cough, cold, abscesses and dysentery.

Carthamus oxyacantha

As a dressing for bad ulcers and as a remedy for itch (seed oil); cures liver diseases and joint pains.

Casearia sylvestris

For diarrhea, chest colds and flu (bark); to treat wounds and leprosy (roots or seeds);for skin diseases, to treat rheumatism, syphilis, herpes, stomach and skin ulcers, edema, fevers of all kinds, diarrhea, a topical pain-reliever and as an anti-ulcer drug (plant)

Cayratia trifolia

As an astringent and for boils (root); to ulcers and boils, and to yoke sores on the neck of bullocks (leaves, roots and seeds)

Cedrus deodara

In arthritis, rheumatism, skin diseases, ulcers, to remove the pain,it resolves inflammation, paralysis, stone in the kidney, fevers. in remittent and intermittent fevers, diarrhea and dysentery (bark); in the treatment of ulcers (powder); bilious fevers and inveterate diarrhea arising from atony of the muscular fiber.

Celastrus paniculatus

In rheumatism, treats scabies, pains and wounds, intestinal ulcers, tuberculosis, epilepsy, stomach disorders, psychosis, oedema, disorder of nervous system, leprosy (seed oil); in gout, external wounds, beriberi and as a sedative in anxiety and other nervous problems, intestinal diseases, wound, drowsiness in fever and amenorrhoea, sharpens the memory, cures sores, ulcers, rheumatism and gout; to treat pneumonia (crushed root).

Chelone glabra

For the liver, digestive system, debility, diseases of the liver, gallbladder problems, gallstones, to relieve nausea and vomiting, intestinal colic and to expel worms, as a soothing ointment to piles, inflamed tumours, irritable ulcers, inflamed breasts etc (herb).

Chimaphila maculata

In the treatment of rheumatism and colds, on ulcers, scrofula and cancers (plant); to treat pain (root)

Cinchona officinalis

As a tonic in intermittent fevers, debility, leucorrhea, smallpox, rheumatism, etc.. in skin ulcers and gum problems (bark); sore throat (bark decoction or infusion)

Citrus grandis

In chorea and epilepsy (leaf); ulcers and swellings (leaf decoction); discomfort in the abdominal area and edema (fruit); severe cough (rind and leaf); indigestion (rind); lumbago (seed).

Cleome isocandra

They are used as an external application to wounds and ulcers. The juice of the leaves has been used to relieve earache. The seed contains 0.1% viscosic acid and 0.04% viscosin. Used in the treatment of ulcers and wounds, oedema, inflammation in the ear, piles, splenic, liver disorders and syphilis.

Cleome viscosa

Bronchitis and gonorrhea (plant); ear infections (leaf juice); an external application to wounds and ulcers, in treating oedema, inflammation in the ear, treat piles, splenic and liver disorders and syphilis (leaves).

Commiphora mukul

Arthritis, bronchitis, enlarged cervical glands, high cholesterol, cystitis, diabetes, endometriosis, gout, hemorrhoids, indigestion, leukorrhea, lumbago, nervous disorders, neurosis, rheumatic disorders, skin diseases, tumors, ulcers.

Crinum zeylanicum

Used in rheumatism (bulb); externally applied to injuries and ulcers (leaves); for relieving earache (leaf juice).

Cydonia oblonga

For ulcers (stem bark); in the treatment of respiratory diseases, especially in children (seeds); as a mouthwash or gargle to treat mouth ulcers, gum problems and sore throats (fruit juice)

Dactyloctenium aegyptium

For dysentery, lumbago and acute haemoptysis (fresh or dried plant); to relieve pains in the kidney region (seeds); ulcers (leaves and stems)

Daucus carota

Hemorrhoids, leprosy, tumors, eye diseases, burns, to encourage delayed menstruation, can induce uterine contractions and jaundice (root); poultice for sores (root decoction); kidney diseases and dropsy (fruit and seed); colic (fruit); for lithic acid or gouty disposition, in gravel and stone, and is good against flatulence, windy colic, hiccough, dysentery, chronic coughs, etc (tea); to mitigate the pain of cancerous ulcers (root poultice); cleanse running sores and ulcers (leaves wth honey); used to counter cystitis and kidney stone formation, and to diminish stones that have already formed (leaf infusion); in the treatment of diabetes (flower infusion); for threadworms (grated raw root); used in the treatment of oedema, flatulent indigestion and menstrual problems (root infusion); a traditional 'morning after' contraceptive (seed).

Dioscorea batatas

Stimulates the stomach and spleen and has a tonic effect on the lungs and kidneys (plant); in the treatment of tiredness, weight loss, poor appetite, poor digestion, chronic diarrhoea, asthma, dry coughs, frequent or uncontrollable urination, diabetes, emotional instability, to ulcers, boils and abscesses (tuber); to treat snakebites and scorpion stings (leaf juice)

Diospyros peregrina

For wounds and ulcers;in vitiated conditions of pitta, burning sensation, inflammations, diarrhea, dysentery, leprosy, skin diseases, pruritus, dyspepsia, haemorrhages, burns, diabetes, fever, spermatorrhea and vaginal disorders (bark); in strangury, dyspepsia, flatulence, scotoma, nyctalopia, opthalamia, epistaxis, haemoptysis, burns, tubercular glands, scabies and wounds (leaves); in leucorrhoea, urethrorrhea, splenomegaly, nyctalopia, anaemia and scabies (flowers).

Dipterocarpus indicus

Ringworm infections, ulcers and urinary disorders (balsam).

Dodonaea viscosa

For skin disease (heated leaves); to reduce fever, to treat eczema, and to heal ulcers (decoction of barks); to relieve fever, colic, gout and rheumatism, and as a treatment for venereal diseases (leaf decoction); for flatulence (wood powder)

Entada pursaetha

Epilepsy, cancer, anasarca and dropsy (plant); its paste is applied locally to relieve inflammatory and glandular swellings and also used as an emetic. The juice extracted from the bark and wood is applied externally to relieve ulcers.

Euphorbia antiquorum

Syphilis, bronchitis, asthma, anasarca, dropsy and whitlow (plant); used as external application in cutaneous affections, rheumatism, toothache and ulcers. Its stem-decoction is beneficial in gout and nervous diseases.

Euphorbia resinifera

For bronchosis, cancer, catarrh, conjunctivosis, constipation, dermatosis, diarrhea, dropsy, dysmenorrhea, epistaxis, gout, headache, otosis, plantar wart, respirosis, sore, ulcer.

Ficus benghalensis

For lumbago, rheumatism, external pains, sores and ulcers, soles of the feet when cracked or inflamed and toothache (latex); in diarrhea and dysentery (bark and young bud infusion); as a poultice in abscesses (heated leaves); in diabetes (bark); as a tonic (bark and seed); in vomiting, to scalp to grow hair long (paste) and for menorrhagia (root); in gonorrhoea (root-fibres); is good tonic, effective in diabetes, dysentery, gonorrhoea and in seminal weakness (infusion of bark).

Ficus religiosa

For skin diseases (leaf), dysentery, diarrhea and gonorrhea (bark decoction); in heart arrhythmia and sexual disorders, such as spermatorrhea and premature ejaculation, as an astringent (bark),in anal fistula, ulcer and wounds as an absorbent in inflammatory swellings (dried bark),for inflammatory ulcers (tender fresh leaves),in stomach ache and constipation (ripe fruits). The aerial roots are chewed by women to induce conception.

Forsythia suspensa

To treat boils, carbuncles, urinary tract infections, allergic rashes, mumps and infected neck glands (herb); in the treatment of breast cancer (decoction of the leaves and twigs); cancer, colds, fever and jaundice (root); poulticed onto ulcerated glands and haemorrhoids (leaves); used internally in the treatment of acute infectious diseases such as mumps, and also for tonsillitis, urinary tract infections and allergic rashes (fruit).

Garcinia indica

In skin diseases and dysentery (leaf); as an astringent (bark and fruit) and ointment (in conditions such as ulcers and dry skin) (seed oil). The fruit is used in the form of juice to treat gulma, deficient digestion, thirst and diseases of mouth. Used to treat piles, dysentery, tumours, pains and heart ailments.

Ixora coccinea

In dysentery, diarrhea and leucorrhea (flower); scabies (aerial part); for sores and ulcers (decoction of flower and bark); used in hiccup, fever, gonorrhoea, loss of appetite and abdominal pain(roots).

Jatropha multifida

Ulcers and wounds (latex); as a laxative and for scabies (leaf); for indigestion and colic (decoction of dried root); for treating ascites, gout, paralysis and skin diseases (seeds); rheumatic conditions, itch and parasitic skin diseases, and in the treatment of fever, jaundice and gonorrhoea (seed oil)

Lactuca sativa

For painful ulcers and burns (plant). Excellent remedy for acid indigestion and "heartburn." Insomnia, anxiety, neuroses, hyperactivity in children, dry coughs, whooping cough, rheumatic pain etc.

Lavandula stoechas

For wounds, ulcers, sores etc and as a relaxing oil for massage (essential oil); used in teas to soothe headaches and relax the nerves.

Lens culinaris

Constipation and other intestinal affections (seeds); cleansing application in foul and indolent ulcers (seed paste)

Lespedeza cuneata

Testicular tuberculosis, hernia, enuresis, dental caries, toothache, infantile marasmus/ascariasis, snake and dog bites, skin ulcers, dysentery and enteritis (plant decoction).

Liquidambar orientalis

In the treatment of strokes, infantile convulsions, coma, cancer, heart disease, pruritis, scabies, wounds, ulcers etc

Madhuca longifolia

In ulcers (root bark); as a tonic (flower and bark); in diabetes, in itching, bleeding gums, ulcers, rheumatism, diabetes and as an astringent (bark); in piles (flowers); for skin diseases (seed oil); as a poultice for eczema (leaves).

Mangifera indica

In rheumatism, diphtheria and diarrhea (bark and flower); diabetes, scalds and burns (leaf); for severe bleeding, catarrh, hemoptysis, external ulcers, toothache and for preventing plaques of the teeth; in cases of diarrhea, chronic dysentery, catarrh of the bladder and chronic urethritis resulting from gonorrhea (dried mango flowers); on cracks in the feet and on scabies, and is used to treat syphilis (resinous gum from the trunk); as vermifuges and as astringents in diarrhea, hemorrhages and bleeding hemorrhoids (kernel decoction and powder); for diarrhea, fever, chest complaints, diabetes, hypertension etc (leaf decoction); scurvy and sthomachache (fruit)

Mollugo pentaphylla

For eye sores, as an antiseptic and stimulating the secretion of gastric juices; promotes digestion; also promotes menses and suppressed lochia (leaves); to relieve sore legs (poultice); applied to relieve earache (oil).

Mucuna pruriens

To treat roundworm, sterility, difficult urination and emaciation (seed and root);useful in increasing sperm count, ovulation in women, etc.; in leucorrhoea, menorrhagia, spermatorrhoea, Parkinson's (seed); in facial paralysis and nervous disorders (root); purifies the blood, cures rheumatism, asthma, cough, stone in the bladder and improves vitality (root decoction). Leaf paste is applied to ulcers. This herb is being investigated as a possible remedy for AIDS.

Myrica esculenta

In dysentery, in asthma, diarrhoea, fevers, coughs, catarrh, chronic bronchitis, rheumatism and diuresis (bark); used as a poultice (for external ulcers and wounds).

Ophiorrhiza mungos

As a snakebite antidote, laxative and tonic (to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract) (root); for dressing ulcers, herpes (leaves)

Opuntia dillenii

Ophthalmia and for boils (leaf); cures biliousness, burning, leucoderma, urinary complaints, tumours, loss of consciousness, piles, inflammations, anaemia, ulcers, gonorrhoea and the enlargement of the spleen (fruit) ; whooping cough (baked fruit); to increase the secretion of bile and control spasmodic cough and expectoration (fruit syrup); in bronchitis and asthma (flower).

Parmelia perlata

In inflammations, boils, sores, ulcers, amenorrhea and seminal debility (plant).

Pedalium murex

For external ulcers (leaf); in incontinence of urine, spermatorrhoea, nocturnal emission, impotence, alleviating spasms (fruit) in gonorrhoea and dysuria (stem and leaves infusion).

Persea macrantha

For ulcers and wounds (leaf); as an antiasthmatic, antirheumatic and laxative (bark); lowers blood pressure (root).

Phyla nodiflora

For boils, reducing fever and as a diuretic. It is used in the treatment of hookworm. The plant is cooling, diuretic, emmenagogue and used in the form of a paste as maturant for boils, swollen cervical glands, erysipelas and chronic indolent ulcers. It is used in lack of bowel movements and pain in knee joints. Infusion of leaves and tender stalks is useful in indigestion in children and also after delivery in women.

Phyllanthus amarus

Jaundice and liver diseases, diabetes, influenza, asthma, infections of the bronchial tubes, indigestion, colic, dropsy, as an astringent, diuretic and disorders of the urogenital system and kidney (plant). The whole plant is used to treat jaundice, chronic dysentery, dyspepsia, cough, asthma, indigestion, diabetes, urinary tract diseases, skin diseases, ulcer, sores and swelling. Whole plant is used in gonorrhoea, menorrhagia and other genital affections. It is also useful in dropsy, jaundice, diarrhoea, dysentery, intermittent fevers, ophthalmopathy, scabies, ulcers and wounds. Young shoots and leaves are given in dysentery and ulcers. Fresh root is an excellent remedy for jaundice. The decoction of the plant is a remedy for intermittent fevers and intermittents with infarcts of the spleen and liver.

Phyllanthus fraternus

Used in gastric complaints including dyspepsia, colic, diarrhoea and dysentery; also employed in dropsy and diseases of urino-genital system, in diabetes (plant); in dysentery (young shoots); for jaundice (fresh roots); as a refrigerant for scalp (leaves decoction); for application on oedematous swellings and ulcers (leaves, roots); to offensive sores and ulcers (latex).

Phyllanthus urinaria

To treat dropsy, gonorrhoea, frequent menstruation, anemia and diabetes and as a poultice for skin ulcers, sores, swelling and itchiness (whole plant); used in jaundice and gonorrhoea (decoction of leaves); in treating kidney and gall stones, the lowering of viral load in hepatitis disease (Dried leaves)

Pinus gerardiana

As a dressing on wounds, ulcers,in the treatment of head diseases (seed oil); in the treatment of kidney and bladder complaints and is used both internally and as a rub and steam bath in the treatment of rheumatic affections (resin); is useful in treating diseases of the mucous membranes and respiratory complaints such as coughs, colds, influenza and TB.

Pistacia lentiscus

Can reduce bacterial plaque in the mouth, heal peptic ulcers, for bronchial troubles and coughs and as a treatment for diarrhoea, to boils, ulcers, ringworm and muscular stiffness.

Pistia stratiotes

As an anodyne for eyewash, in ear complaints (plants); in eczema, in chronic skin diseases, leprosy, ulcers, piles and syphilis (leaves)

Plantago lanceolata

For healing wounds, ulcers, cuts, swellings and in coughs (root and leaf); diarrhoea, gastritis, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, haemorrhage, haemorrhoids, cystitis, bronchitis, catarrh, sinusitis, asthma and hay fever (leaf; used in the treatment of parasitic worms and constipation (seed)

Plantago major

It is used in inflammation of the skin, malignant ulcers, intermittent fever, etc., and as a vulnerary, and externally as a stimulant application to sores. The leaves arrest external haemorrhage. The fresh leaves are applied whole or bruised in the form of a poultice. Rubbed on parts of the body stung by insects, nettles, etc., or as an application to burns and scalds. Internally, they are used in the treatment of a wide range of complaints including diarrhoea, gastritis, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, haemorrhage, haemorrhoids, cystitis, bronchitis, catarrh, sinusitis, asthma and hay fever. They are used externally in treating skin inflammations, malignant ulcers, cuts, stings etc. The heated leaves are used as a wet dressing for wounds, swellings etc. The root is a remedy for the bite of rattlesnakes. The seeds are used in the treatment of parasitic worms. Plantain seeds contain up to 30% mucilage which swells up in the gut, acting as a bulk laxative and soothing irritated membranes. A distilled water made from the plant makes an excellent eye lotion.

Plumbago zeylanica

For dyspepsia, piles, anasarca, diarrhea, skin disease, obstinate skin diseases, ulcers, for treating laryngitis, rheumatism, diseases of the spleen, ring worm, scabies. The root of the herb is used in cases of enlarged spleen, helps improve digestion and it stimulates the appetite.

Pongamia pinnata

As a tonic (seed) and in hemorrhoids (stem bark); chronic fevers, rheumatism, lumbago, herpes, scabies, leucoderma and other skin diseases, flatulence, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, cough, leprosy and gonorrhoea (plant); on the head to heal ulcers and cure dandruff (leaf paste); used for cleaning sores, as well as for cleaning teeth and strengthening gums (root juice).

Portulaca quadrifida

In asthma, cough, urinary discharges, inflammations, peptic ulcer and other abdominal complaints, erysipelas, induce menses and haemorrhoids.

Pterospermum acerifolium

As a tonic, as a cure for blood troubles, inflammation, ulcers, tumours and leprosy (flower); stops hemorrhaging from wounds (leaf); glandular swellings (especially in the ears and neck) (plaster from calyx); in smallpox (bark).

Rhinacanthus nasuta

For skin diseases and as an antiseptic (root and leaf). Used to treat obesity, helminthiasis, septic ulcers, leprosy, eczema, ringworm, prickly heat, herpes, scurvy, inflammation and cancer, goitre.

Rosa indica

For sprains, ulcers and wounds (fruit); in dysmenorrhoea, poor circulation, stomach pains and swellings (flower buds); used in the treatment of arthritis, boils, coughs etc (decoction of leaves, fruits and roots).

Sagittaria sagittifolia

Antidote for insect and snake bites, itch, foul sores, scrofulous ulcers, breast inflammation and sore throat (leaf); for gravel and lochia (tuber).

Schleichera oleosa

Stimulating the growth of hair (kernel oil). The bark is astringent and antipyretic, used to relieve itching, back pain, inflammations and ulcers. Also used to treat pruritus, adenitis, ripening boils, notalgia, arthralgia, malaria. Seed oil is used to treat pruritus, acne, dermatosis, ulcers, cephalgia, trichopathy.

Smilax china

Old syphilitic cases and is also used for certain skin diseases, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, enteritis, urinary tract infections, skin ulcers etc.

Solanum dulcamara

In the treatment of skin diseases, warts, tumours, felons, arthritis, rheumatism, bronchial congestion, heart ailments, ulcerative colitis, jaundice, skin eruptions, ulcers and cellulite, syphilitic diseases, cachectic affections, scrofula, indurations from milk, leucorrhoea, jaundice, and obstructed menstruation (herb); to cancerous sores and other swellings (fruit); for cancer and swellings (root)

Solanum nigrum

Hemorrhoids, liver problems (including cirrhosis), as an emollient, eye-diseases, rat poisoning, skin diseases, oedema, cough, urticarial patches, for achieving conception and to relieve from difficult labour and as a rejuvinative(plant); used externally ease pain and abate inflammation, and are applied to burns and ulcers (fresh leaves); for ringworm, gout and earache, and mixed with vinegar, is said to be good as a gargle and mouthwash (leaf juice); used externally as a poultice, wash etc in the treatment of cancerous sores, boils, leucoderma and wounds (leaves, stem and root); as an analgesic for toothaches (fruit juice).

Sonchus oleraceus

Reducing fever, in indigestion and intestinal worms (root an leaf); as a laxative and liver tonic (gum); to dress wounds and ulcers (decoction)

Stellaria media

As a plaster in swolen areas and broken bones, to relieve constipation, useful in rheumatism, inflammations of the digestive, renal, respiratory and reproductive tracts, asthma, congestion, and bronchitis, obesity, high cholesterol, in severe inflammations of skin, such as erysipelas, scalds and burns, crural ulcers, haemorrhoids, eczema, to soothe severe itchiness and inflammations of eyes (plant); as a poultice or ointment for skin irritation and inflammation as well as for skin ulcers. Boils, carbuncles, and abscesses

Streblus asper

In fever, dysentery and diarrhoea (bark decoction); to snake-bitten person as an antidote, to unhealthy ulcers, sinuses, in epilepsy and inflammatory swellings and is applied to boils (root); in epistaxis, piles, diarrhoea etc (seeds).

Styrax benzoin

Used in the treatment of asthma, bronchosis, cancer, catarrh, colic, constipation, corn, cough, cramp, dermatosis, enterosis, gout, immunodepression, laryngosis, nervousness, rheumatism, stomachache, stroke and ulcer.

Symplocos crataegoides

In the treatment of menorrhagia, eye diseases, bowel complaints, dysentery, inflammations, vaginal discharges, leprosy and ulcers, as a gargle for giving firmness to spongy and bleeding gums; to sprains and muscular swellings (bark juice).

Tagetes erecta

Diseases of the eye and hemorrhoids (flower); rheumatism, bronchitis and colds (plant); as a laxative (root). It is used internally in the treatment of indigestion, colic, severe constipation, coughs and dysentery. Externally, it is used to treat sores, ulcers, eczema, sore eyes and rheumatism. A decoction of the flowers is used to treat colds, conjunctivitis, mumps, sore eyes etc.

Tamarindus indica

As an astringent in bowel complaints, to weaken the action of resinous cathartics (pulp); in correcting bilious disorders, for rheumatism (plant); used in subacid infusions, and a decoction is said to destroy worms in children, and is also useful for jaundice, and externally as a wash for sore eyes and ulcers (leaves)In some forms of sore throat the fruit has been found of service; for asthma (bark).

Tamarix articulata

In stomatitis, sore throat, to foul sloughing ulcers, phagedenic, dysentery and diarrhea.

Tanacetum vulgare

Rheumatism, ulcers (chronic), for gout, as an abortifacient and vermifuge (essential flower and leaf oil); maladies of the liver, gall bladder and the bile duct, in treating strangury, kidney weaknesses, in dyspepsia, with troublesome flatulence, hysteria, jaundice, fevers (plant); to treat amenorrhoea and painful dysmenorrhoea and as an anthelmintic, especially for children (leaf infusion and whole plant);in diphtheria, acute inflammations of the throat, and in epidemic catarrh (spray or inhalation of plant decoction).

Terminalia alata

For ulcers, bronchitis, atonic diarrhea, to treat bone fractures and haemorrhages (bark); for atonic diarrhoea and is used as a local application for relief of weak, indolent ulcers (bark decoction).

Terminalia chebula

Stomach problems, tooth decay, hemorrhoids, external wounds, ulcers, scalds, inflammation of the mouth mucosa, increases the secretion of gastric juices (fruit); in asthma, sore throat, vomiting, sore eyes, heart diseases, hiccups, indigestion, constipation etc.

Thespesia lampas

For treating gonorrhoea and syphilis (roots and fruits); in ulcers (powdered bark)

Toona ciliata

As a tonic, astringent and in dysentery, ulcers, leprosy, fevers, itching, headache, biliousness (bark)

Trifolium pratense

For asthma, whooping cough and bronchitis (flower); in treating athlete's foot, bronchitis, burns, cancer, constipation, diuretic, expectorant, gall-bladder stones, gout, liver diseases, pertussis, rheumatism, skin sores, ulcers, for sore eyes and as a salve for burns (plant); for cancerous ulcers, corns etc. (flower extract)

Trigonella foenum-graecum

As a tonic, emollient (in rheumatism, abscesses, boils and ulcers), inflammations in the intestinal tract, bronchitis, increasing the secretion of gastric juices, hemorrhoids, diabetes, diarrhea and in veterinary medicine (as an ointment, emollient).

Trillium erectum

To aid childbirth, as a treatment for irregular menstrual periods, period pains and excessive vaginal discharge, ulcers (especially varicose), skin complaints, gangrene, insect bites and stings, as a wash for sore nipples.

Vaccinium myrtillus

For indigestion, dysentery and diarrhea (especially for juveniles) (fruit); in infections of the urinary tract, to treat gastrointestinal ailments (leaf); in periodontal disease (leaf and fruit); to improve night vision; in the treatment of ulcers and in ulceration of the mouth and throat (decoction of leaves and bark)

Valeriana hardwickii

Rheumatism and low blood pressure, painful menstruation, cramps, hypertension, irritable bowel syndrome, eczema, ulcers and minor injuries

Valeriana jatamansi

Substitute for Valeriana dubia, also in eye, spleen and blood diseases, in fever (as a stimulant) and as an expectorant (root), anxiety and emotional disorders such as hysteria, painful menstruation and cramps, hypertension, irritable bowel syndrome etc. It encourages sleep, improve sleep quality and reduce blood pressure. Externally, it is used to treat eczema, ulcers and minor injuries.

Vitex negundo

As a demulcent (in the sinuses) and on sores (related to scrofula) (oil); in gonorrhea, rheumatism, sprains, fever (related to catarrh) and headache (leaf); aids in the removal of worms and foetid discharges from ulcers (leaf juice), controls acne in teenagers, regulates ovulatory cycle, menopause, menorrhagia (heavy menstruation), menstrual difficulties (secondary amenorrhea), premenstrual syndrome, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and endometriosis and fibrocystic breast disease among women, relieves pains due to rheumatism, gout, sciatica and the body ache resulted from heavy physical exertion, skin troubles, migraine; with the right proportion it is use for dental care for healthy, disease free teeth, as mouth wash and treatment for toothache. Pillows stuffed with leaves are slept on to remove catarrh and headache. Dried fruit is used to destroy human worm while seeds boiled in water and eaten, or the water is taken internally, to prevent spread of toxins from poisonous bites of animals, also cooling for skin disorders.

Withania somnifera

Rheumatism (root and plant); to coagulate milk (seed); as a uterine sedative, in dropsy, ulcers, scabies, asthma, cough and as a tonic (root); cancer and AIDS; “rasayana agent” in “Ayurveda” medicine (enhances sexual performance),to treat nervous exhaustion, debility, insomnia, wasting diseases, failure to thrive in children, impotence, infertility, multiple sclerosis, applied as a poultice to boils, swellings and other painful parts.

Woodfordia floribunda

For diarrhea, dysentery, fever, headache, hemorrhoids, herpes, internal hemorrhage, leukorrhea, liver disorders, menorrhagia, ulcers, wounds.

Woodfordia fruticosa

In sores, ulcers, problems with mucous membranes of the body, hemorrhages, seminal weakness, menorrhagia, as a tonic, stimulant (in pregnancy) and astringent (flower), bowel disorders (including dysentery) (plant and flower), to treat thirst, toothache, bleeding, anorexia, diarrhoea, dysentery, leucorrhoea, amenorrhoea and herpes.

Xanthium strumarium

In leucoderma, epilepsy, in chronic malaria, leucorrhoea and urinary diseases (plant); in smallpox, in cancer and scrofula (root); on ulcers, boils and abscesses (root extract); in the treatment of rheumatism, diseased kidneys and tuberculosis (plant infusion); allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, catarrh, rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, constipation, diarrhoea, lumbago, leprosy and pruritis (fruits)

Xylia xylocarpa

For vomiting, swellings, gonorrhoea, diarrhoea and ulcers (bark powder); in rheumatism, leprosy, piles, and ulcers (seed oil)

Zanthoxylum alatum

Leucoderma, problems with the spleen, diseases of the eye and ear, asthma and tumors (fruit); for gastrointestinal disorders; in treating tumours, odontalgia, cephalagia, opthalmia, dyspepsia, colic, flatulence, helminthiasis, diarrhoea, hepatopathy, splenitis, strangury, fever, leucoderma, leprosy, skin diseases, cough, asthma, paralysis, gout, convulsions, diabetes, wounds, ulcers, stomatitis, pharyngitis, cardiac debility and general debility (bark and fruit)

Zizyphus vulgaris

In fevers and dyspepsia (roots); externally applied to old wounds and ulcers (root powder); in the treatment of palpitations, insomnia, nervous exhaustion, night sweats and excessive perspiration (seeds); in the treatment of chronic fatigue, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, anaemia, irritability and hysteria (dried fruits).