On glandular swellings and boils (root); toothache, diarrhoea and dysentery (leaf); dropsy (bark), to treat biliousness, diseases of the blood, bronchitis, sore eyes, headache and hallucinations, to treat gingivitis and for healing wounds (fruits).
For boils and testicle enlargement (leaf); relieving pain and headaches (roasted leaves); earache (flower); asthma (inhalation of burning leaves) and other pulmonary and respiratory ailments (such as pneumonia, cough and severe chest colds); used internally in the treatment of asthma and Parkinson's disease, excess causes giddiness, dry mouth, hallucinations and coma (plant); externally, as a poultice or wash in the treatment of fistulas, abscesses wounds and severe neuralgia (plant).