The shoots are diuretic. The seed sprouts are demulcent, expectorant, galactofuge, lenitive and stomachic. They are sometimes abortifacient; antiviral and antiprotozoal (50% EtOH plant extract). The seed is digestive, emollient, nutritive, febrifuge and stomachic.

Slows down aging of the skin, hypnotic, sedative, decreases libido of males and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices. Aromatic and bitter with sedative, soporific, tonic, anodyne, diuretic, anaphrodisiac, antiseptic, hypnotic, nervine, stomachic and vermifuge

Astringent, alterative, stomachic and externally as vulnerary (plant).

Expectorant and stomach tonic (herb); antiseptic, antitussive, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, pectoral, sedative, stimulant, stomachic, tonic and vasodilator (leaves and flowering tops)

Oestrogenic agent, carminative, stimulant and stomachic (fruit); antidiarrhoeal (powder or decoction of the fruits); antibacterial (leaves and seeds); stimulant, antiseptic, stomachic, carminative, mildly expectorant and gastrointestinal spasmolytic (plant essential oil).

Oestrogenic agent, antibacterial, carminative, diuretic, odontalgic, stimulant, and stomachic (fruits); stimulant, antiseptic, stomachic, carminative, mildly expectorant and gastrointestinal spasmolytic (plant essential oil).

Stomachic (roots)

Antibacterial, carminative, cholagogue, deobstruent, depurative, diuretic, expectorant, laxative, stomachic and tonic (flowers); discutient, resolvent and vulnerary (root).

Discutient and vulnerary (leaves); alterative, antibacterial, carminative, cholagogue, deobstruent, depurative, diuretic, expectorant, laxative, nervine, stomachic, tonic and vulnerary (flowers); discutient, resolvent and vulnerary (roots)

The plant is mucilaginous, astringent, stomachic, alterative, tonic, diuretic and laxative counteracts or neutralizes the effects of histamine (essential leaf oil); analgesic (plant)

Astringent, hypothermic, coagulates semen and depresses the central nervous system (aerial part), antiseptic, sedative, stomachic.

Bitter, astringent, tonic and stomachic (leaves)

Astringent, cardiotonic, decongestant, parasiticide, stomachic and tonic.

Anthelminthic, antiseptic, bitter, emetic, gastrotonic, hypotensive, laxative, narcotic, stomachic, tonic.

Stomachic.

Bechic, stomachic and tonic (dried fruit decoction)

Anticholesterolemic, antidote (to most forms of poison), antivinous, carminative and hypoglycaemic (plant); antivinous, alexiteric and carminative (flowers); anthelmintic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, astringent, digestive, febrifuge and stomachic (dried and roasted seeds).

Antiseptic, aromatic, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, emetic in large doses, emmenagogue, narcotic, parasiticide, stimulant and stomachic (leaves); antiseptic, aromatic, digestive, narcotic and stimulant (fruit)

Lowers blood pressure, sedative and diuretic. Antihalitosis, powerfully antiseptic, antispasmodic, aromatic, carminative, cholagogue, diuretic, nervine, sedative, stimulant, stomachic and tonic (oil)

Mild diuretic, cardiotonic and sedative; tonic, antispasmodic, diuretic, analgesic and emmenagogue. Antispasmodic, astringent, cardiac, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, nervine, sedative, stomachic, tonic and uterine stimulant (leaves)