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Home » Plant infomation

Illicium verum  Hook. f.

   

Botanical Name

:

Illicium verum Hook. f.

English Name

:

Chinese star anise

Synonym(s)

:

Illicium anisatum Lour. non L., Badianifera officinarum Kuntze

Family

:

Illiciaceae

 

General Info

Description

An evergreen tree, 8-15(-20) m tall; trunk diameter at breast height up to 25 cm; bark white. Leaves alternate, simple, coriaceous, glandular-punctate; petiole about 1 cm long; blade elliptical to obovate or lanceolate, 5-15 cm x 1.5-5 cm, margin entire, apex acute, lower side pubescent. Flowers axillary, solitary, bisexual, regular, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, white-pink to red or greenish-yellow; pedicel 0.5-1 cm long; perianth lobes 7-12, arranged spirally; stamens 11-20, arranged spirally, with short, thick filaments; carpels usually 8, free, arranged in a single whorl. Fruit a capsule-like follicetum, 2.5-4.5 cm in diameter, consisting of an agregate of (5-)8(-13) follicles arranged around a central axis in the shape of a star (hence the name star anise); each follicle boat-shaped, 1-2 cm long, rough, rigid, reddish-brown, containing 1 seed, splitting along the ventral edge when ripe. Seed subcylindrical to compressed ovoid, 8-9 mm x 6 mm, smooth, glossy, light brown, containing copious, oily endosperm.

Herb Effects

Oestrogenic agent, antibacterial, carminative, diuretic, odontalgic, stimulant, and stomachic (fruits); stimulant, antiseptic, stomachic, carminative, mildly expectorant and gastrointestinal spasmolytic (plant essential oil).

Links

Plant For A Future
PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

1,8-cineole, alpha-pinene, alpha-phellandrene, alpha-terpinene, alpha-terpineol, beta-bisabolene, beta-elemene, beta-phellandrene, camphene, carvone, caryophyllene, cinnamic alcohol, delta-cadinene, estragole, fenchone, gamma-terpinene, limonene, methyl chavicol, myrcene, nerolidol, p-anisaldehyde, p-cymene, sabinene, terpinen-4-ol, terpinolene and trans-anethole (fruits); beta-pinene, safrole (plant).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
1,8-Cineole 8024-53-1 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-ox
abicyclo[2.2.2]octan
e
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Pinene 80-56-8 2,7,7-trimethylbicyc
lo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Phellandrene 2243-33-6 2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Terpinene 99-86-5 1-methyl-4-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Terpineol 10482-56-1 2-(4-methyl-1-cycloh
ex-3-enyl)propan-2-o
l
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Bisabolene 495-61-4 6-methyl-2-(4-methyl
-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)-
hepta-1,5-diene
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-elemene 33880-83-0 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2
,4-diprop-1-en-2-yl-
cyclohexane
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Camphene 5794-04-7 2,2-dimethyl-3-methy
lidene-norbornane
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Carvone 53763-73-8 2-methyl-5-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohex-2-en-
1-one
C10H14O Click Here To Enlarge
Caryophyllene 87-44-5 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Cinnamic alcohol 104-54-1 (E)-3-phenylprop-2-e
n-1-ol
C9H10O Click Here To Enlarge
delta-Cadinene Not Available 1,6-dimethyl-4-propa
n-2-yl-2,3,4,4a,7,8-
hexahydronaphthalene
C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Estragole 77525-18-9 1-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-benzene
C10H12O Click Here To Enlarge
Fenchone 18492-37-0 1,3,3-trimethylnorbo
rnan-2-one
C10H16O Click Here To Enlarge
gamma-Terpinene 99-85-4 1-methyl-4-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,4-die
ne
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Limonene 9003-73-0 1-methyl-4-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohexene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Methyl chavicol 77525-18-9 1-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-benzene
C10H12O Click Here To Enlarge
Myrcene 2153-31-3 7-methyl-3-methylide
ne-octa-1,6-diene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Nerolidol 14528-94-0 3,7,11-trimethyldode
ca-1,6,10-trien-3-ol
C15H26O Click Here To Enlarge
P-anisaldehyde 68894-36-0 4-methoxybenzaldehyd
e
C8H8O2 Click Here To Enlarge
p-Cymene Not Available dichlororuthenium;
1-methyl-5,6-dihydro
-4H-pyrimidine;
p-cymene
C15H24Cl2N2Ru Click Here To Enlarge
Sabinene 3387-41-5 4-methylidene-1-prop
an-2-yl-bicyclo[3.1.
0]hexane
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Terpinen-4-ol Not Available 1-methyl-4-propan-2-
yl-cyclohex-3-en-1-o
l
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
Terpinolene 586-62-9 1-methyl-4-propan-2-
ylidene-cyclohexene
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
trans-Anethole 57131-42-7 1-methoxy-4-[(E)-pro
p-1-enyl]benzene
C10H12O Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-pinene 23089-32-9 6,6-dimethyl-2-methy
lidene-norpinane
C10H16 Click Here To Enlarge
Safrole Not Available 5-prop-2-enylbenzo[1
,3]dioxole
C10H10O2 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

A powder or decoction of the fruits is used to treat abdominal colic, lumbago arising from a deficiency in the kidney, vomiting and epigastric pain due to cold in the stomach and diarrhoea. The fruit is used to increase milk secretion, promote menstruation, facilitate childbirth, increase libido and alleviate symptoms of male climacteric. The plant essential oil is administered therapeutically as a bronchial expectorant for upper respiratory tract congestion and used externally against rheumatism and body lice.

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