The seed, with the husk removed, is antirheumatic, diuretic, pectoral, refrigerant and tonic; astringent and irritant (plant); anticancer (grain); anodyne, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, sedative, vermifuge (fruits)

Anodyne, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, sedative and vermifuge (fruits); antitumor (plant); antirheumatic, diuretic, pectoral, refrigerant and tonic (seed without husk); anthelmintic (decoction of the roots).

Antibacterial (plant); diuretic, antipyretic (leaves)

Stimulates the central nervous system and adenyl cyclase activity, hypothermic, alleviates spasms and dilates bronchial tubes (root).

Antipyretic and sedative (plant); anodyne (root)

Depurative, diuretic and febrifuge (leaves); antibacterial (plant extract); diuretic (aerial parts).

All parts of the plant are antispasmodic, cardiotonic, strongly diuretic, emetic, febrifuge, laxative, Hear stimulant and sedative

Analgesic, locally anaesthetic, antibacterial, antidote, antipyretic, bitter, blood tonic, carminative, cholagogue, digestive, sedative, stomachic, tonic and vasodilator (root).

Analgesic, antidote, antipyretic, antiseptic, cholagogue, sedative and vasodilator (root).

Analgesic, cathartic and febrifuge (leaves, stems); capillary tonic, antioedemic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and hypotensive (fruits).

Stimulating effect on the circulation and bile production, diuretic (dried or fresh leaves); astringent, diaphoretic, febrifuge, nutritive and odontalgic (bark, leaves, catkins and fruits)

Rhizome is bitter, astringent, acrid, cooling, purgative, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, depurative, febrifuge, expectorant, tonicanthelmintic, antiinflammatory, stimulant, antifertility and anticholinesterase activity; alleviates spasms and lowers blood pressure (seed); astringent (root).

Antiinflammatory, alterative, antipyretic, aperitif, astringent, bitter, cholagogue, contraceptive, demulcent, hepatotonic, laxative, litholytic, natriuretic, rubefacient, sedative, tonic (bark)

Antitussive, digestive, febrifuge, vermifuge, diuretic and inhibits urease (seed); stomachic (fruit); expectorant and emetic (flowers)

The seed is cooling, diuretic, tonic and vermifuge. hypothermic. The fruit is depurative, diuretic, emollient, purgative and resolvent; emollient and tones the skin. as well as protects it from the sun.

It is considered a tonic to the genital system, and an aphrodisiac (plant); stomachic, anthelmintic, diuretic and febrifuge (seeds).

Anthelmintic, antipyretic, antirheumatic, antiseptic, astringent, balsamic and vasoconstrictive (cones and young branches)

Potentiation of amphetamine toxicity, stimulates the central nervous system, hypothermic and carminative (rhizome); fights the microorganism (Vibrio) that causes cholera and acts as a trypsin inhibitor (tuber); sweet, bitter, appetizer, alexiteric, antipyretic, aphrodisiac, laxative.

Anti diarrheal, anti-emetic and antipyretic (rhizome)

Oil has antifungal and antibacterial properties; antimicrobial, analgesic, antipyretic and depresses the central nervous system (essential plant oil); antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cyanogenetic, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, preventative (cold), stimulant and insecticidal.