Acts as a sedative and anthelminthic (leaves).

Expectorant, aniseptic and anthelminthic (plant)

Abortifacient, analgesic, carminative, depurative, diaphoretic, emetic, emmenagogue, stimulant, tonic and vermifuge (decotion of plant); aromatic, astringent, diaphoretic, febrifuge, stimulant, tonic and vermifuge (bark); carminative (fruit)

Acts as an anthelmintic (decoction of roots and leaves); emmenagogue (whole plant)

Anthelmintic, diuretic, emetic and purgative (whole herb)

Carminative and vermifuge (decoction of leaves); analgesic (plant); laxative (pulped and boiled plant).

Emetic and purgative (seeds); demulcent, diuretic, bitter-tonic and nutritive (fruit); abortifacient, antipyretic, expectorant, hypoglycemic, laxative, tonic and vermifuge.

Hypoglycemic (aerial part), emetic and anthelmintic (plant); purgative (fruit)

Diuretic, emmenagogue, carminative, hypoglycaemic, vermifuge, deobstruent and pectoral (seeds).

Used as anesthetic, arrhythmogenic, cardiotoxic, cyanogenic, emetic, sialagogue and vermifuge.

Anticancer, antibacterial and hypoglycemic (fruit); inhibits pregnancy, anthelmintic, astringent and laxative (outer covering of fruit capsule).

Tonic or digestive (liqueur from flowers); antipyretic (infusion of leaves); anthelminthic in adults (infusion of seeds).

Vermifuge, antispasmodic (oil); antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anodyne (leaves)

Alleviates spasms and antiprotozoal (aerial part); repels mosquitos, expectorant, carminative and anthelmintic (primarily against roundworms) (volatile oil); antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal and antidandruff.

Its various parts have antihelmintic, antimalarial, cathartic, emetic and emmenagogic properties. Bark is anthelmintic, and in large doses narcotic and emetic.

Antilactagogue, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, emollient,laxative, purgative, vermifuge (whole plant).

Acts as purgative, astringent and tonic (whole plant); anthelminthic, diuretic and antibilious (roasted seeds).

Astringent, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial and anthelmintic.

As a vermifuge (roasted and boiled leaves)

Vermifuge (bark powder or pounded dry leaves).