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Home » Plant infomation

Melia azedarach  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Melia azedarach L.

English Name

:

Chinaberry, Persian lilac, Pride of India

Synonym(s)

:

Melia sempervirens (L.) Sw., Melia dubia Cavanilles, Melia composita Willd.

Family

:

Meliaceae

 

General Info

Description

A deciduous tree up to 45 m tall; bole fluted below when old, up to 60(—120) cm in diameter; bark grey-brown, smooth, lenticellate, becoming lightly fissured or scaly with age; inner bark yellowish; sapwood whitish, heartwood rusty brown; crown widely spreading, with sparsely branched limbs. Twigs upturned at end of drooping branchlets, smooth, brown, lenticellate, with raised cicatrices; leafy twigs with fulvous stellate hairs. Leaves bipinnate, occasionally wholly or partly tripinnate, more or less opposite, (15—)23—80 cm long, glabrescent; petiole 8—30 cm long, terete, lenticellate, swollen at base; pinnae in 3—7 pairs, up to 25 cm long; petiolule 3—7 mm long; leaflets in 3—7 pairs, opposite or nearly so, ovate or oblong-lanceolate to elliptical, 2—10 cm x 0.6—3.8 cm, base slightly unequilateral, acute to rounded, apex acuminate, margin entire to variously serrate. Inflorescence a thyrse, axillary or in axil of rudimentary leaves on short shoots, 10—22 cm long, primary branches 5—7.5 cm long, secondary branches up to 2 cm long, bearing fascicles of flowers; bracts 3—10 mm long, filiform, caducous, bracteoles similar but smaller; pedicel 2—3 mm long; flowers purplish, fragrant, bisexual or male, 5-merous; calyx tubular, about 2 mm in diameter, lobes about 2 mm long, exterior stellate and with simple hairs; petals free, narrowly oblong, 6—10 mm x 2 mm, white to lilac or bluish, outside minutely pubescent; staminal tube about 7 mm long, lilac turning deep purple, exterior glabrous, interior with dense simple hairs; anthers 10, sessile; pistil glabrous, stigma clavate, 5-lobed. Fruit a drupe, ellipsoid-globose, 2—4 cm x 1—2 cm, yellow-brown when ripe, glabrous, up to 5-seeded. Seed oblongoid, 3.5 mm x 1.6 mm, smooth, brown.

Herb Effects

Its various parts have antihelmintic, antimalarial, cathartic, emetic and emmenagogic properties. Bark is anthelmintic, and in large doses narcotic and emetic.

Links

PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation
AgroForestryTree Database

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Caffeic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, fraxinellone, gedunin, glutamic acid, glycine, kaempferol, nimbin, quercetin (plant); esculetin, quercitrin, rutin, scopoletin (leaf); acetic acid, cinnamic acid, cycloeucalenol, vanillin (fruit); alpha-terpineol, aromadendrene, benzyl acetate, chavicol, creosol, eugenol, geranyl acetate, linalyl acetate (wood); arginine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, palmitic acid, stearic acid (seed); astragalin, hyperin (flower); benzoic acid, beta-sitosterol (root); tannin, vanillic acid (bark); carvacrol (essential oil).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Catechin 5323-80-8 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Fraxinellone 28808-62-0 (3R,3aR)-3-(3-furyl)
-3a,7-dimethyl-3,4,5
,6-tetrahydroisobenz
ofuran-1-o ne
C14H16O3
Gedunin 2629-11-0 Not Available C28H36O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Glutamic acid Not Available 2-aminopentanedioic
acid
C5H9NO4 Click Here To Enlarge
Glycine 87867-94-5 2-aminoacetic acid C2H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme
thyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-o
xan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dih
ydroxy-6-(hydroxymet
hyl)oxan-2
-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydrox
y-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl
)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Nimbin Not Available Not Available C30H36O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Esculetin Not Available 2,6-dihydroxychromen
-7-one
C9H6O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercitrin 6151-25-3 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
methyl-oxa n-2-yl)o
xy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Rutin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate
C27H36O19 Click Here To Enlarge
Scopoletin 92-61-5 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-
chromen-7-one
C10H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Acetic acid 77671-22-8 acetic acid C2H4O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Cinnamic acid 63938-16-9 3-phenylprop-2-enoic
acid
C9H8O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloeucalenol 469-39-6 Not Available C30H50O
Vanillin 8014-42-4 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
benzaldehyde
C8H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Terpineol 10482-56-1 2-(4-methyl-1-cycloh
ex-3-enyl)propan-2-o
l
C10H18O Click Here To Enlarge
Aromadendrene 109119-91-7 Not Available C15H24 Click Here To Enlarge
Benzyl acetate 21982-87-6 trimethyl-(2-phenoxy
ethyl)ammonium
C11H18NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Chavicol 501-92-8 4-prop-2-enylphenol C9H10O Click Here To Enlarge
Creosol 93-51-6 2-methoxy-4-methyl-p
henol
C8H10O2
Eugenol 97-53-0 2-methoxy-4-prop-2-e
nyl-phenol
C10H12O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Geranyl acetate 8022-83-1 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6
-dienyl acetate
C12H20O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Linalyl acetate 8022-85-3 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6
-dien-3-yl acetate
C12H20O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Leucine 2439-37-4 2-dimethylamino-4-me
thyl-pentanoic acid
C8H17NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Lysine 923-27-3 2,6-diaminohexanoic
acid
C6H14N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Methionine 348-67-4 2-amino-4-methylsulf
anyl-butanoic acid
C5H11NO2S Click Here To Enlarge
Threonine 632-20-2 2-amino-3-hydroxy-bu
tanoic acid
C4H9NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitic acid 66321-94-6 Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Stearic acid 82497-27-6 octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Astragalin 480-10-4 4,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-h
ydroxyphenyl)-3-[3,4
,5-trihydroxy-6-(hyd
roxymethyl )oxan-2-
yl]oxy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Hyperin 482-36-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-chromen-7
-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Benzoic acid 8013-63-6 benzoic acid C7H6O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Vanillic acid Not Available 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-
benzoic acid
C8H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Carvacrol 499-75-2 2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-phenol
C10H14O Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Used to treat skin diseases (plant); as an external parasiticide (dried ripe fruit)

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