Astringent, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, expectorant, resolvent and tonic (fronds)

Sedative, diuretic, poisonous, cardiotonic and vasoconstrictor.

Diuretic and anthelmintic (plant); tonic (root decoction).

Alterative, analgesic, haemostatic and vulnerary (plant); anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge, narcotic, tonic and vasoconstrictive (bark); decongestant, expectorant and tonic (seeds)

Tonic, carminative and purgative (seeda)

Antiseptic, aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive tonic, diuretic, kidney tonic, stimulant, tonic, urinary antiseptic, uterine stimulant.

Diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge, stimulant and tonic (root)

Stimulates the secretion of gastric juices, kills bacteria and antiinflammatory. Astringent, anthelmintic, diuretic and tonic (plant).

Analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, astringent, cardiotonic, haemostatic, hypoglycaemic, taenicide and vasoconstrictor (stem and leaves); haemostatic, cardiotonic and hypoglycemic (plant); astringent, diuretic and tonic (root).

Kills bacteria, diuretic and stimulates and regulates metabolism; diuretic, diaphoretic, demulcent, aperient and tonic (rhizome).

Produces spasms and anticancer (50% EtOH extract of plant); antihelmintic and antisyphilitic (root bark); astringent, febrifugal, stimulant, aperient, tonic, diuretic and depurative (plant)

Analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antitumor. blood tonic, cardiotonic, diuretic, emmenagogue and galactogogue (stem)

Anodyne, antifungal, antiphlogistic, bitter, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, laxative, galactogogue, resolvent, stimulant, stomachic and vulnerary (stems); antirheumatic, depurative, diuretic, febrifuge, stomachic and tonic (fruit)

Blood tonic, carminative and contraceptive (roots and stems)

Astringent, tonic, antileprotic and anthelmintic (stem bark); alleviates spasms and stimulates the cardiovasular system (root); hypoglycemic (stem bark and pod); anticancer and spermicidal (root and pod); antiprotozoal (pod).

Alterative, antirheumatic, astringent, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, sedative, styptic, tonic and vulnerary (herb)

Alterative, antirheumatic, astringent, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, sedative, styptic, tonic and vulnerary (herb)

Bitter, diuretic, narcotic and tonic (root); stomachic (infusion of the leaves).

Anthelmintic, antiasthmatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, cholagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge, stimulant, stomachic, tonic, vasodilator (bulb)

Anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge, homeopathic, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, lithontripic, stomachic, tonic, aphrodisiac, antidysenteric, reduces fever, helps prevent snakebite, sedative, stimulant, increases the secretion of gastric juices. mild counter-irritant, lowers blood cholesterol and blood sugar, antifungal.