Abortifacient (root); alleviates spasms (seed and EtOH aerial part extract); diuretic and on respiration (EtOH aerial part extract); toxic to fish (bark).

Alterative, analgesic, haemostatic and vulnerary (plant); anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, febrifuge, narcotic, tonic and vasoconstrictive (bark); decongestant, expectorant and tonic (seeds)

Diuretic (50% EtOH fruit extract) and antiedematous (plant extract); antiinflammatory (bark extract); anticancer, vasodilating and improves the elasticity of blood vessel walls.

Antiseptic, aromatic, carminative, diaphoretic, digestive tonic, diuretic, kidney tonic, stimulant, tonic, urinary antiseptic, uterine stimulant.

Diuretic (root); anticancer, laxative, emmenagogue and piscicidial (leaf); diaphoretic, dropsy, venereal sores, dysentery.

Diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge, stimulant and tonic (root)

Stimulates the secretion of gastric juices, kills bacteria and antiinflammatory. Astringent, anthelmintic, diuretic and tonic (plant).

Analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, astringent, cardiotonic, haemostatic, hypoglycaemic, taenicide and vasoconstrictor (stem and leaves); haemostatic, cardiotonic and hypoglycemic (plant); astringent, diuretic and tonic (root).

Kills bacteria, diuretic and stimulates and regulates metabolism; diuretic, diaphoretic, demulcent, aperient and tonic (rhizome).

Diuretic, expectorant and vermifuge (seed)

Antispasmodic, astringent, bitter, cardiac depressant, diuretic, emetic, febrifuge, rubefacient and vermifuge (root and stem bark); emmenagogue, bechic, deobstruent and ophthalmic (fruit); astringent (leaves); as a wash for parasitic ulcers, itch, and eruptions (leaves, bark of the trunk, and roots)

Diuretic (50% EtOH extract of plant); antispasmodic and antipyretic (root).

Produces spasms and anticancer (50% EtOH extract of plant); antihelmintic and antisyphilitic (root bark); astringent, febrifugal, stimulant, aperient, tonic, diuretic and depurative (plant)

Stimulant, diuretic and emmenagogue (leaves)

Analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antitumor. blood tonic, cardiotonic, diuretic, emmenagogue and galactogogue (stem)

Anodyne, antifungal, antiphlogistic, bitter, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, laxative, galactogogue, resolvent, stimulant, stomachic and vulnerary (stems); antirheumatic, depurative, diuretic, febrifuge, stomachic and tonic (fruit)

Hypoglycemic (seed); coagulates semen and diuretic (seed extract).

Astringent and demulcent (root); expectorant; cooling, emollient and diuretic (flowers); mucilaginous, demulcent, diuretic and febrifugal (seeds).

Alterative, antirheumatic, astringent, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, sedative, styptic, tonic and vulnerary (herb)

Astringent, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, emmenagogue, vulnerary.