Appetizer, astringent, digestive, diuretic, emollient, refrigerant and stomachic.

Aphrodisiac and astringent (resin); antiviral (aerial part).

Aphrodisiac, astringent, cooling and tonic (root); antimicrobial, hypotensive and antiarrhythmic (plant).

Stimulates the cardiovascular system, hypoglycemic and alleviates spasms (plant); demulcent and refrigerant (leaves); astringent and cooling (fruits)

Antihemorrhagic, pungent, demulcent, antispasmodic and antihepatotoxic (seed); sudorific, aperient, diaphoretic and gentle laxative (leaf); astringent, bitter, cholagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, hepatic, stimulant, stomachic and tonic (plant)

Astringent, bitter, cholagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, hepatic, stimulant, stomachic and tonic (whole plant);

Astringent, menstrual stimulant and an antiparasitic (leaves or bark).

Antiemetic, aphrodisiac, astringent, cardiac tonic, carminative, cordial, resolvent (root); anticancer and stimulates the cardiovascular system (plant); expectorant and carminative (root and plant); toxic, laxative and digestive (fruits).

Diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and antiseptic (plant); analgesic, astringent and febrifuge (blossoms); anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, aromatic, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, mildly diuretic, febrifuge and stimulant (leaves and flowering tops)

Astringent, cathartic and styptic (leaves and blossoms); diuretic (oil obtained from plant)

Antiseptic (infusion of the dried powdered herb); astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge and stimulant (leaves); diuretic (essential oil); aperient, astringent and tonic (flowers)

Alleviates spasms, counteracts hyperactivity due to amphetamines, depresses the cardiovascular system, spermicidal, analgesic, diuretic, lithontriptic, vulnerary, sudorific and carminative (plant); diaphoretic (flower); carminative (flower and plant); anticoagulant, astringent and carminative (seed)

Anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, antipruritic, astringent, bitter, carminative, diuretic, febrifuge, parasiticide, pectoral, stomachic and tonic (root); anthelmintic and diuretic (plant)

Antifungal (aerial part); anticholinergic, astringent, febrifugal, stomachic and dangerously emetocathartic (seed); expectorant (seed oil)

Analgesic, antiinflammatory and astringent (fruit)

Antiabortive, cyanogenetic, emollient, intoxicant, and poison; demulcent and diuretic (seed); astringent and haemostatic (inflorescence).

Stimulates the cardiovascular system (stem bark); antipyretic and astringent (bark).

Carminative and laxative (plant); alexeteric, antioxidant, antipyretic, antiviral, aperitif, astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, emollient, hypoglycemic, immunostimulant, laxative, litholytic, vermifuge (leaves); laxative and cooling (seeds)

Astringent and antiscorbutic (fruits)

Antidepressant, antidiarrheic, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, bitter, carminative, cerebrotonic, cholagogue, depurative, digestive, diuretic, expectorant,emmenagogue, hepatotonic, hypotensive, nervine, sedative, tranquilizer, tonic and vulnerary.