A perennial grassland herb growing to 70cm tall. Leaves are stalked on upright stems, narrowly oval, with a heart-shaped base, with a somewhat wrinkled texture and toothed margins. Flower c 13-17 mm long; calyx is 5-7mm long, with 5 teeth, edged with bristles; corolla 1-1.5cm long. Its upper lip flat, almost straight when seen from the side; anthers stick straight out.

Antidepressant, antidiarrheic, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, antiseptic, astringent, bitter, carminative, cerebrotonic, cholagogue, depurative, digestive, diuretic, expectorant,emmenagogue, hepatotonic, hypotensive, nervine, sedative, tranquilizer, tonic and vulnerary.

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Plants For A Future

Betaine, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, choline, harpagide, neo-chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, stachydrine and tannin (plant)

Used in treating ague, anxiety, arthrosis, asthma, bladder stone, bleeding, bronchosis, bruise, genital cancer, liver cancer, spleen cancer, catarrh, cholecystosis, cold, convulsions, cough, cramps, cystosis, debility, depression, dermatosis, diarrhea, dropsy, dyspepsia, dyspnea, edema, enterosis, epilepsy, epistaxis, fractures, gas, gingivosis, gout, headache, heartburn, hemoptysis, hepatosis, hernia, high blood pressure, hysteria, inflammation, insomnia, jaundice, kidney stone, mucososis, nephrosis, nervousness, neuralgia, neurosis, palpitation, palsy, paresis, phthisis, pulmonosis, rheumatism, rhinosis, sclerosis, sore throat, scrofula, splenosis, stomatosis, stress, swelling, tension, throat, toothache, vertigo, wen and wounds.

James A Duke and Maryl Fulton. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs - 2nd Edition, P: 792-793, CRC Press July 2002.