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Calophyllum inophyllum L.


Botanical Name	:	Calophyllum inophyllum L.
English Name	:	Dilo Oil Tree
Family	:	Clusiaceae

General Info

Description

A small tree 20 m tall. Leaves 10-18 cm long, broadly elliptic-oblong or obovate, apex rounded and base acute, petioles 0.9 to 1.5 cm long. Flowers 1.9 to 2.5 cm in diameter, marble white, fragrant, borne in lax axillary racemes 10 to 15 cm long; sepals 4, ovate-orbicular; petals 4, oblong, obtuse. Fruit globose 2.5 to 3.8 cm in diameter, light yellow to pale red when ripe, pericarp thick, pulp scanty. Seed globose.

Herb Effects

Astringent, anti-inflammatory, purgative, antihaemorrhagic, hypothermic, alleviates spasms and stimulates the central nervous and cardiovascular systems (aerial part).

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Calophyllum inophyllum

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Canophyllal, canophyllol, friedelin and canophyllic acid (leaf); jacareubin and trihydroxyxanthone (wood); myricetin (flower).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Canophyllal

14440-40-5

2,2,6a,6a,8a,9,14a-h
eptamethyl-10-oxo-2,
3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6a,6b,
7,8,8a,9,1 1,12,12a
,13,14,14a,14b-icosa
hydro-1H-picene-4a-c
arbaldehyde

C₃₀H₄₈O₂

Canophyllol

14440-41-6

8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4
,4a,6a,6b,11,11,14a-
heptamethyl-2,4,4a,5
,6,6a,6a,6 b,7,8,8a
,9,10,11,12,12a,13,1
4,14a,14b-icosahydro
-1H-picen-3-one

C₃₀H₅₀O₂

Friedelin

559-74-0

4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,
14a-octamethyl-2,4,5
,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12
a,13,14,14 b-tetrad
ecahydro-1H-picen-3-
one

C₃₀H₅₀O

Canophyllic acid

14511-76-3

10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6a
,8a,9,14a-heptamethy
l-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,
6a,6b,7,8, 8a,9,10,
11,12,12a,13,14,14a,
14b-docosahydropicen
e-4a-carboxylic acid

C₃₀H₅₀O₃

Jacareubin

3811-29-8

Not Available

C₁₈H₁₄O₆

Myricetin

529-44-2

3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-(
3,4,5-trihydroxyphen
yl)-chromen-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₈

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Leprosy and rheumatism (seed oil); in scabies (seed kernel); to treat eye disease, scabies, cutaneous diseases, gonorrhoea and gleet, rheumatism and gout. Used as an inhalation in migraine and vertigo.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.

Sharma, Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants.

Spino C. Dodier M. Sotheeswaran S. Anti-HIV coumarins from Calophyllum seed oil. Bioorg Med Chem Lett1998 Dec 15;8(24):3475-8.

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