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Home » Plant infomation

Acacia nilotica  (L.) WILLD. EX DEL.

   

click to enlarge image

Botanical Name

:

Acacia nilotica (L.) WILLD. EX DEL.

English Name

:

Indian Gum and Indian Gum-Arabic Tree

Synonym(s)

:

Acacia arabica (lamk., ), Mimosa nilotica, L., Mimosa arabica Roxb.

Family

:

Mimosaceae

 

General Info

Description

A medium to large tree that can reach a height of 10 m, with an average of 4-7 m in height.The leaves are twice compound, i.e. they consist of 5-11 feather-like pairs of pinnae; each pinna is further divided into 7-25 pairs of small, elliptic leaflets that can be bottle to bright green in colour.The flower stalks are hairy. The pods are flat, straight or slightly curved, and fleshy when young with reddish hairs, becoming dark blackish when mature, deeply constricted between each seed and they do not split open, but break up transversely on the ground into single-seeded segments during March to September. Fruit are gray-green, softly hairy flattened pod 6 to 25 cm long, 1 to1.5 cm wide, strongly constricted between each seed; pods slightly sticky internally. Seeds are depressed, subglobular. A deep woody taproot with several branching surface laterals.

Herb Effects

Antifungal, alleviates spasms, analgesic and lowers blood sugar (stem bark); hemostatic (leaf and bark); expectorant (pod); astringent, demulcent, aphrodisiac and nutritive. Gum extract (Akakia) is styptic, tonic and astringent.

Links

Purdue University
Weed Management Guide
Ecoport
Crescentbloom

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

(+)-Catechin, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, chlorogenic acid, digitonin, epigallocatechin, isoquercitrin, lignin, malic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, pyrogallol, quercetin, quercitrin, riboflavin, thiamin (plant); beta-amyrin, octacosanol (root); ellagic acid, tannin, gallic acid (bark); polyphenols (pod and bark); phospholipids (seed); betulin (plant, root bark); protocatechuic acid (fruit).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
(+)-Catechin 5323-80-8 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)chroman-3,5,7-tri
ol
C15H14O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Chlorogenic acid 327-97-9 3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyp
henyl)prop-2-enoylox
y]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-
cyclohexan e-1-carb
oxylic acid
C16H18O9 Click Here To Enlarge
Digitonin 52781-76-7 Not Available C56H92O29 Click Here To Enlarge
Epigallocatechin 970-74-1 (2R,3R)-2-(3,4,5-tri
hydroxyphenyl)chroma
n-3,5,7-triol
C15H14O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoquercitrin 21637-25-2 3-[5-(1,2-dihydroxye
thyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-
oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3
,4-dihydro xyphenyl
)-4,5-dihydroxy-chro
men-7-one
C21H20O12 Click Here To Enlarge
Malic acid Not Available 2-hydroxybutanedioic
acid
C4H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oxalic acid 553-91-3 Oxalic acid C2H2O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Pyrogallol Not Available benzene-1,2,3-triol C6H6O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercitrin 6151-25-3 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
methyl-oxa n-2-yl)o
xy-chromen-7-one
C21H20O11 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Beta-Amyrin 559-70-6 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Octacosanol 67905-27-5 Octacosan-1-ol C28H58O Click Here To Enlarge
Ellagic acid Not Available Not Available C14H6O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannin 1401-55-4 Not Available C27H22O18 Click Here To Enlarge
Betulin Not Available Not Available C30H50O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Protocatechuic acid 5417-95-8 N,N-diethyl-N'-(2,4,
8,9-tetrazabicyclo[4
.3.0]nona-2,4,7,10-t
etraen-5-y l)propan
e-1,3-diamine
C12H20N6 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In asthma (gum, bark and leaf); ophthalmia (and other eye problems) and “sexual weakness” (leaf decoction); diabetes, dysentery and diarrhea, bronchitis and skin maladies (bark); headache, urinary problems, sore throat and gonorrhea (leaf); as a toothbrush; Tender growing tops rubbed into a paste with sugar and water act as demulcent in coughs.

Contraindication

No Records

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.


The Himalaya Drug Company.

Sharma, Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants.

Grieve M. A Modern Herbal 1931 (www.botanical.com).

Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk.

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