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Home » Plant infomation

Polygala senega  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Polygala senega L.

English Name

:

Seneca snakeroot, senega snakeroot, senega-root, sengaroot, Rattlesnake-root, Mountain flax

Family

:

Polygalaceae

 

General Info

Description

A perennial plant growing to 0.3m. The root of this plant sends up a number of smooth, slender, erect stems (as many as 15 or 20 or more), sometimes slightly tinged with red, from 6 inches to a foot in height, and generally unbranched. The lance-shaped, stemless leaves are thin in texture and from 1 to 2 inches long. The flowering spikes are borne in May and June on the ends of the stems and consist of rather crowded, small whitish, insignificant flowers. The lower flowers develop first and have already fruited when the upper flowers open.

Herb Effects

Antidote, antiinflammatory, antispasmodic, cathartic, depurative, diaphoretic, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, expectorant, laxative, secretagogue, secretolytic, sialagogue, stimulant and tonic (root); abortifacient (bark infusion)

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Chemistry

Active Ingredients

3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid, alpha-spinasterol, ferulic acid, methyl salicylate, mannose, p-coumaric acid, p-methoxy cinnamic acid, pectin, saponins, senegin, sinapic acid, stachyose, valerianic acid, xylose (root)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 2316-26-9 (Z)-3-(3,4-dimethoxy
phenyl)prop-2-enoic
acid
C11H12O4
alpha-Spinasterol 481-18-5 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-hept-3-en-2-yl)-10,
13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,
6,9,11,12, 14,15,16
,17-dodecahydro-1H-c
yclopenta[a]phenanth
ren-3-ol
C29H48O Click Here To Enlarge
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Methyl salicylate 8024-54-2 methyl
2-hydroxybenzoate
C8H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Mannose 40866-07-7 (3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hyd
roxymethyl)oxane-2,3
,4,5-tetrol
C6H12O6
P-coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Pectin 9047-18-1 Not Available Not Available
Saponin 8047-15-2 Not Available Not Available
Senegin 2469-34-3 13-(chloromethyl)-2,
3-dihydroxy-4,6a,11,
11,14b-pentamethyl-2
,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,1
2,12a,13,14,14a-tetr
adecahydro-1H-picene
-4,8a-dicarboxylic
acid
C30H45ClO6
Sinapic acid 530-59-6 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dim
ethoxy-phenyl)prop-2
-enoic acid
C11H12O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Stachyose 60112-16-5 (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-
[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-d
ihydroxy-2 ,5-bis(h
ydroxymethyl)oxolan-
2-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihy
droxy-oxan-2-yl]meth
ox y]-6-[[(2S,3R,4S
,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihyd
roxy-6-(hydroxymethy
l)oxan-2-yl]ox ymet
hyl]oxane-3,4,5-trio
l
C24H42O21
Valerianic acid 70268-41-6 pentanoic acid C5H10O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Xylose 25990-60-7 Oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol C5H10O5 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

The root is indicated in treating a wide range of diseases which include amenorrhea, asthma, blepharosis, bronchitis, cataract, catarrh, cold, conjunctivitis, constipation, convulsions, cough, cramps, croup, cystosis, dermatosis, dropsy, dysmenorrhea, eczema, emphysema, enuresis, fever, hemorrhoids, hoarseness, laryngosis, mucososis, ophthalmia, pertussis, pharyngitis, photophobia, phthisis, pleurisy, pneumonia, pulmonosis, rheumatism, smallpox, snakebites, sore throat, swelling, syphilis, toothache, tuberculosis, typhoid, water retention and wounds.

Reference

James A Duke and Maryl Fulton. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs - 2nd Edition, P: 663, CRC Press July 2002.

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