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Home » Plant infomation

Apocynum androsaemifolium  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Apocynum androsaemifolium L.

English Name

:

Bitter Dogbane, Bitterroot, Flytrap Dogbane, Low Dogbane, Mountain Dogbane, Smooth Mountain Dogbane, Spreading Dogbane

Synonym(s)

:

Apocynum ambigens Greene

Family

:

Apocynaceae

 

General Info

Description

A perennial herb, 5 or 6 feet in height. Leaves paired and ovate, toothless, dark green above, paler and downy beneath, 2"-3" long. Stems ruddy and branching, and, in common with the other three members of the genus, yielding on incision a milky juice resembling India rubber when dry. Flowers bell shaped, white, tinged with red and fragrant, dangling from curved stalks; five scales in the throat of the corolla secrete a sweet liquid, attractive to flies. These scales are very sensitive, and when touched bend inward, imprisoning the insects. Fruit dry narrow pods, in pairs, 3"-8" long. Seeds reddish, with long white hairs.

Herb Effects

Analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidote, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic, contraceptive, diaphoretic, diuretic, emetic, expectorant, hydragogue, lactagogue, laxative, narcotic, tonic (plant); cardiotonic, cathartic, diaphoretic, diuretic, emetic and expectorant (roots)

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Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Androsin, apocynin (root); cymarin (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Androsin Not Available 1-[3-methoxy-4-[(2S,
3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-t
rihydroxy-6-(hydroxy
methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy
-phenyl]ethanone
C15H20O8
Apocynin Not Available 1-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)ethanone
C9H10O3
Cymarin 88195-73-7 (3S,5S)-5,14-dihydro
xy-3-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-
5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-
6-methyl-o xan-2-yl
]oxy-13-methyl-17-(5
-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-
2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,
15 ,16,17-dodecahyd
ro-1H-cyclopenta[a]p
henanthrene-10-carba
ldehyde
C30H44O9 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

The plant is used to treat a wide variety of complaints including arthrosis, ascites, cirrhosis, constipation, diabetes, dysuria, epistaxis, edema, gall stones, headaches, convulsions, earache, heart palpitations, colds, malaria, neuralgia, ophthalmia, rheumatism, scrofula, syphilis, insanity and vertigo. The roots has a powerful action in slowing the pulse and also has a very strong action on the vaso-motor system. The juice of the fresh root has been used in the treatment of syphilis. The sap of the plant has been applied externally to get rid of warts. The roots were boiled in water and the water drunk once a week in order to prevent conception. The green fruits were boiled and the decoction used in the treatment of heart and kidney problems and for the treatment of dropsy.

Contraindication

Should be used with great caution, and only under the supervision of a qualified practitioner if taking this plant internally.

Reference

James A Duke and Maryl Fulton. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs - 2nd Edition, P: 692, CRC Press July 2002.

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