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Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.


Botanical Name	:	Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
English Name	:	Japanese plum
Synonym(s)	:	Mespilus japonicus Thunb., Mespilus japonica Thunb., Crataegus bibas Lour.
Family	:	Rosaceae

General Info

Description

It is an ornamental tree. The plant grows to a height of 7m. Thestems are woolly at the apex and 5mm in diameter. The leaves are simple, spiral, and stipulate. The stipule is bifid and 7mm long. The petiole is stout and short. The blade is glossy, serrate, 12.5cm × 5cm – 30cm × 10cm, dark green above, spathulate, glabrous above and woolly below, showing 15 pairs of secondary nerves. The inflorescences are terminal,7cm long, and the panicle is golden yellow. The fruits are 2.5cm long, velvety, and golden yellow, globose, or obovate, and 1–1.5cm in diameter.

Herb Effects

Sedative (fruit); expectorant and insect repellent (flowers); astringent, antitussive and antidiarrheic (leaves)

Links

PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Amygdalin, benzaldehyde, citric acid, malic acid, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid (leaves); ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin, niacin, riboflavin, succinic acid, tannin, thiamin (fruits); caffeic acid, kaempferol, quercetin (plant); linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid (seed).

Chemistry of Active Ingredients

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Amygdalin

672-72-0

2-phenyl-2-[3,4,5-tr
ihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-t
rihydroxy-6-(hydroxy
methyl)oxa n-2-yl]o
xymethyl]oxan-2-yl]o
xy-acetonitrile

C₂₀H₂₇NO₁₁

Benzaldehyde

100-52-7

benzaldehyde

C₇H₆O

Citric acid

Not Available

2-hydroxypropane-1,2
,3-tricarboxylic
acid

C₆H₈O₇

Malic acid

Not Available

2-hydroxybutanedioic
acid

C₄H₆O₅

Oleanolic acid

508-02-1

10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12, 13,14b-t
etradecahydropicene-
4a-carboxylic acid

C₃₀H₄₈O₃

Ursolic acid

77-52-1

10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b
,9,9,12a-heptamethyl
-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a
,10,11,12,

C₃₀H₄₈O₃

Ascorbic Acid

Not Available

2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one

C₆H₈O₆

Beta Carotene

7235-40-7

3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene

C₄₀H₅₆

Cryptoxanthin

472-70-8

3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[3
,7,12,16-tetramethyl
-18-(2,6,6-trimethyl
-1-cyclohe xenyl)-o
ctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11
,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-
cyclohex-3-en-1-ol

C₄₀H₅₆O

Niacin

99148-57-9

Pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid

C₆H₅NO₂

Riboflavin

Not Available

C₁₇H₂₁N₄O₉P

Succinic acid

6283-68-7

butanedioic acid

C₄H₆O₄

Tannin

1401-55-4

Not Available

C₂₇H₂₂O₁₈

Thiamin

59-43-8

2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol

C₁₂H₁₇N₄OS+

Caffeic acid

Not Available

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid

C₉H₈O₄

Kaempferol

80714-53-0

3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme
thyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-o
xan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dih
ydroxy-6-(hydroxymet
hyl)oxan-2
-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydrox
y-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl
)-chromen-7-one

C₃₃H₄₀O₂₁

Quercetin

Not Available

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one

C₁₅H₁₀O₇

Linoleic acid

8024-22-4

Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid

C₁₈H₃₂O₂

Oleic acid

8046-01-3

octadec-9-enoic acid

C₁₈H₃₄O₂

Palmitic acid

66321-94-6

Hexadecanoic acid

C₁₆H₃₂O₂

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

Used to treat bronchitis, cough, fever, and nausea (leaves); is used as a drink to fight nausea and to stop vomiting (juice of bark); to quench excessive thirst (fruit)

Reference

Christophe Wiart. Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific, P:124-125, CRC Press, June 2006.

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