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Home » Plant infomation

Ephedra sinica  Stapf.

   

Botanical Name

:

Ephedra sinica Stapf.

English Name

:

Ma Huang

Synonym(s)

:

Ephedra ma-huang Liu., Ephedra sinica var. pumila Florin

Family

:

Ephedraceae

 

General Info

Description

Subshrubs small, to 40 cm, sparsely branched; woody stems short or prostrate; branchlets straight or curved, sometimes slightly involute, internodes (2.5-)3-4(-5.5) cm × ca. 2 mm, shallowly furrowed. Leaves opposite, connate for 1/3-2/3 their length, free part subulate to narrowly triangular, to 5 mm, apex sharply pointed. Pollen cones sessile or pedunculate, solitary or in clusters at nodes, rarely terminal; bracts in 4 pairs, margin very narrow, membranous, apex obtuse or subacute; anthers 7 or 8, sessile or shortly stipitate. Seed cones terminal or axillary, solitary, oblong-ovoid or subglobose, ca. 8 × 6-7 mm at maturity; bracts in 4 pairs, connate for 1/2–3/4 their length, red and fleshy at maturity; integument tube 1-2 mm, straight or slightly curved. Seeds usually 2, black-red or grayish brown, concealed by or equaling bracts.

Herb Effects

Pungent, bitter, warm herb that dilates the bronchial vessels whilst stimulating the heart and central nervous system. Antidote, diaphoretic, diuretic, pectoral, vasoconstrictor and vasodilator (stem); antihydrotic (root)

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Materia medica

Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, ellagic acid, ephedrine, gallic acid, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin (plant)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Ascorbic Acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Carotene Not Available 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Ellagic acid Not Available Not Available C14H6O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Ephedrine 6912-63-6 2-methylamino-1-phen
yl-propan-1-ol
C10H15NO Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 Pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In the treatment of asthma, hay fever and allergic complaints; in the treatment of night sweating and spontaneous sweating (root); to treat asthma, allergic rhinitis, catarrh, upper respiratory infections such as pharyngitis, sinusitis and laryngitis, colds, influenza and as a general stimulant (dried aerial parts)

Contraindication

There are significant safety concerns regarding use of ephedra-containing dietary supplements, especially when consumed without medical supervision. This article reviews & contrasts the usage of ephedra as a dietary supplement in US against an herbal medication in traditional Chinese medicine (Mehendale et al., 2004).


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