A moderate-sized to large tree, attaining a height of 60-80 ft. and a girth up to 7 ft., with a straight cylindrical bole of 15-20 ft. under favourable conditions. Leaves opposite or alternate and coriaceus, up to 35 cm long, tomentose on both sides when young, becoming glabrous above when fully grown. Male flowers are mauve in colour, tetramerous to sextamerous, 1-1.5 cm long, sessile or nearly sessile in short peduncles, mostly 3-flowered. Female flowers mauve, mostly extra-axillary or sometimes solitary, axillary generally 2, opposite each other, larger than the male flowers. Fruits olive green, ovoid or globose.

Laxative, are diuretic, laxative and styptic (leaf); carminative and astringent (leaf, bark and fruit); hypotensive (aerial part).

AgroForestryTree Database

Hentriacontane, hentriacontanol and alpha-arryrin (leaf); a pentacyclic quinone (heartwood).

As a laxative (leaf); in urinary, skin and blood diseases (dried flowers); in diarrhoea and dyspepsia (bark decoction).

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.