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Botanical Name |
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Asparagus officinalis L. |
English
Name |
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Common asparagus, Garden asparagus, Wild asparagus |
Synonym(s) |
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Asparagus caspius Hohen., Asparagus longifolius Fisch. ex Steud., Asparagus officinalis L. subsp. officinalis, Asparagus officinalis L. var. caspius (Hohen.) Asch. & Graebn., Asparagus polyphyllus Steven ex Ledeb. |
Family |
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Asparagaceae |
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General Info
Description |
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An erect, unarmed, branched herb growing up to 1 meter in height. Leaves (scales) are very minute, and the cladodes (branchlets) fascicled, slender terete, 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters long. Flowers are axillary, fascicled, solitary or in pairs, pedicelled, the perianth straw yellow, or greenish-yellow, about 5 millimeters long. Fruit is globose, and fleshy red when ripe. |
Herb Effects |
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Antispasmodic, aperient, cardiac, demulcent, diaphoretic, diuretic, sedative and tonic (plant); diaphoretic, hypotensive, strongly diuretic and laxative (roots); cardiac sedative, palliative, diuretic and laxative (rhizome); antibiotic (seed). |
Chemistry
Active Ingredients |
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Alpha-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin (plant); alpha-linolenic acid, arginine, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, coniferin, diosgenin, cystine, folacin, glutamic acid, glycine, guaiacol, histidine, inositol, isoleucine, lauric acid, leucine, linoleic acid, lysine, m-cresol, methionine, myristic acid, niacin, O-cresol, oleic acid, p-cresol, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pantothenic acid, phenol, phenylalanine, riboflavin, sarsapogenin, stearic acid, succinic acid, thiamin, threonine, tocopherol, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, vanadium (shoot); choline (rhizome); inulin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin (root). |
Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
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Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
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alpha-Carotene |
432-70-2 |
(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E, 13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12, 16-tetramethyl-1-(2, 6,6-trimet
hyl-1-cy clohexenyl)-18-(2,6, 6-trimethyl-1-cycloh ex-2-enyl)octadeca-1 ,3
,5,7,9,11,13,15, 17-nonaene |
C40H56 |
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Lutein |
34445-91-5 |
4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6 ,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t etramethyl
-octadec a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15 ,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5- trimethyl-cyclohex-2 -e
n-1-ol |
C40H56O2 |
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Zeaxanthin |
Not Available |
4-[18-(4-hydroxy-2,6 ,6-trimethyl-1-cyclo hexenyl)-3,7,12,16-t etramethyl
-octadec a-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15 ,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5- trimethyl-cyclohex-3 -e
n-1-ol |
C40H56O2 |
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alpha-Linolenic acid |
94138-91-7 |
octadeca-9,12,15-tri enoic acid |
C18H30O2 |
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Arginine |
7004-12-8 |
2-amino-5-guanidino- pentanoic acid |
C6H14N4O2 |
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Ascorbic acid |
Not Available |
2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur an-3-one |
C6H8O6 |
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Beta-carotene |
Not Available |
3,7,12,16-tetramethy l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri methyl-1-cyclohexeny l)-octadec
a-1,3,5, 7,9,11,13,15,17-nona ene |
C40H56 |
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Coniferin |
Not Available |
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-( hydroxymethyl)-6-[4- [(E)-3-hydroxyprop-1 -enyl]-2-m
ethoxy-p henoxy]oxane-3,4,5-t riol |
C16H22O8 |
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Diosgenin |
512-04-9 |
Not Available |
C27H42O3 |
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Cysteine |
4371-52-2 |
2-amino-3-sulfanyl-p ropanoic acid |
C3H7NO2S |
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Folacin |
6484-89-5 |
2-[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo -1H-pteridin-6-yl)me thylamino]benzoyl]am inopentane
dioic acid |
C19H19N7O6 |
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Glutamic acid |
Not Available |
2-aminopentanedioic acid |
C5H9NO4 |
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Glycine |
87867-94-5 |
2-aminoacetic acid |
C2H5NO2 |
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Guaiacol |
90-05-1 |
2-methoxyphenol |
C7H8O2 |
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Histidine |
6027-02-7 |
2-amino-3-(3H-imidaz ol-4-yl)propanoic acid |
C6H9N3O2 |
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Inositol |
551-72-4 |
cyclohexane-1,2,3,4, 5,6-hexol |
C6H12O6 |
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Isoleucine |
319-78-8 |
2-amino-3-methyl-pen tanoic acid |
C6H13NO2 |
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Lauric acid |
8045-27-0 |
Dodecanoic acid |
C12H24O2 |
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Leucine |
2439-37-4 |
2-dimethylamino-4-me thyl-pentanoic acid |
C8H17NO2 |
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Linoleic acid |
8024-22-4 |
Octadeca-9,12-dienoi c acid |
C18H32O2 |
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Lysine |
923-27-3 |
2,6-diaminohexanoic acid |
C6H14N2O2 |
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M-cresol |
3019-89-4 |
3-methylphenol |
C7H8O |
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O-cresol |
95-48-7 |
2-methylphenol |
C7H8O |
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P-cresol |
72269-62-6 |
4-methylphenol |
C7H8O |
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Methionine |
348-67-4 |
2-amino-4-methylsulf anyl-butanoic acid |
C5H11NO2S |
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Myristic Acid |
Not Available |
Hexane |
C6H14 |
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Niacin |
99148-57-9 |
Pyridine-3-carboxyli c acid |
C6H5NO2 |
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Oleic acid |
8046-01-3 |
octadec-9-enoic acid |
C18H34O2 |
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Palmitic acid |
66321-94-6 |
Hexadecanoic acid |
C16H32O2 |
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Palmitoleic acid |
2091-29-4 |
(E)-hexadec-9-enoic acid |
C16H30O2 |
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Pantothenic acid |
599-54-2 |
3-[(2,4-dihydroxy-3, 3-dimethyl-butanoyl) amino]propanoic acid |
C9H17NO5 |
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Phenol |
8002-07-1 |
phenol |
C6H6O |
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Phenylalanine |
3617-44-5 |
2-amino-3-phenyl-pro panoic acid |
C9H11NO2 |
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Riboflavin |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C17H21N4O9P |
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Sarsasapogenin |
82597-74-8 |
Not Available |
C27H44O3 |
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Stearic acid |
82497-27-6 |
octadecanoic acid |
C18H36O2 |
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Succinic acid |
6283-68-7 |
butanedioic acid |
C4H6O4 |
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Thiamin |
59-43-8 |
2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th ia-3-azoni
acyclope nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et hanol |
C12H17N4OS+ |
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Threonine |
632-20-2 |
2-amino-3-hydroxy-bu tanoic acid |
C4H9NO3 |
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Tocopherol |
59-02-9 |
2,5,7,8-tetramethyl- 2-(4,8,12-trimethylt ridecyl)chroman-6-ol |
C29H50O2 |
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Tryptophan |
80206-30-0 |
2-amino-3-(1H-indol- 3-yl)propanoic acid |
C11H12N2O2 |
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Tyrosine |
556-02-5 |
2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propanoic acid |
C9H11NO3 |
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Valine |
7004-03-7 |
2-amino-3-methyl-but anoic acid |
C5H11NO2 |
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Vanadium |
Not Available |
vanadium |
Not Available |
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Choline |
67-48-1 |
2-hydroxyethyl-trime thyl-ammonium |
C5H14NO+ |
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Inulin |
9005-80-5 |
2-[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2 -[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2 -[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2 -[[2-[[2-[
[2-[[2-[ [2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[ [2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[ [2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[ [2
-[[2-[[3,4-dihyd roxy-2,5-bis(hydroxy methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o xymethyl]-3,4-
dihy droxy-5-(hydroxymeth yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy- 5-(hyd
roxymethyl)o xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl ]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h ydroxymethyl)oxola
n-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3, 4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl ]oxymethyl
]-3,4-di hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy methyl]-3,4-dihydrox y-
5-(hydroxymethyl )oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl
)oxo lan-2-yl]oxymethyl]- 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd roxymethyl)oxolan-2- yl]oxy
methyl]-3,4- dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o xymethyl]-3,4-dihy
droxy-5-(hydroxymeth yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy- 5-(hydroxy
methyl)o xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl ]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h ydroxymethyl)oxolan- 2-
yl]oxymethyl]-3, 4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl ]oxymethyl]-3,
4-di hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy methyl]-3,4-dihydrox y-5-(h
ydroxymethyl )oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl)oxo
lan-2-yl]oxymethyl]- 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd roxymethyl)oxolan-2- yl]oxymeth
yl]-3,4- dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o xymethyl]-3,4-dihydr ox
y-5-(hydroxymeth yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy- 5-(hydroxymeth
yl)o xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl ]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h ydroxymethyl)oxolan- 2-yl]o
xymethyl]-3, 4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl ]oxymethyl]-3,4-di
hydroxy-5-(hydroxyme thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy methyl]-3,4-dihydrox y-5-(hydro
xymethyl )oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl)oxola n-
2-yl]oxymethyl]- 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd roxymethyl)oxolan-2- yl]oxymethyl]-
3,4- dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o xymethyl]-3,4-dihydr oxy-5-
(hydroxymeth yl)oxolan-2-yl]oxyme thyl]-3,4-dihydroxy- 5-(hydroxymethyl)o
xolan-2-yl]oxymethyl ]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(h ydroxymethyl)oxolan- 2-yl]oxyme
thyl]-3, 4-dihydroxy-5-(hydro xymethyl)oxolan-2-yl ]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihy dr
oxy-5-(hydroxyme thyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy methyl]-3,4-dihydrox y-5-(hydroxyme
thyl )oxolan-2-yl]oxymeth yl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl)oxola n-2-yl
]oxymethyl]- 3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hyd roxymethyl)oxolan-2- yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-
dihydroxy-5-(hydroxy methyl)oxolan-2-yl]o xy-6-(hydroxymethyl) oxane-3,4,
5-triol |
C228H382O191 |
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Kaempferol |
80714-53-0 |
3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-3- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6- (hydroxyme thyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-o xan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dih ydroxy-6-(hydroxymet hyl)oxan-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihydrox y-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl )-chromen-7-one |
C33H40O21 |
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Quercetin |
Not Available |
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy -chromen-7-one |
C15H10O7 |
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Rutin |
Not Available |
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3- [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6- [(3,4,5-tr
ihydroxy -6-methyl-tetrahydro pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl ]tetrahydropyran-2-y l]
oxy-chromen-7-on e trihydrate |
C27H36O19 |
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Pharmacology
Medicinal Use |
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The green resin contained in the plant is used to exercise a sedative effect on the heart, calming palpitation and also used in treating flatulence, calculous, effections, cardiac dropsy, rheumatism, and chronic gout. The water, in which asparagus has been boiled, is good for rheumatism. The roots are useful for bronchial catarrh and pulmonary tuberculosis. The roots are burned and the smoke is inhaled to relieve toothache. An infusion of roots are used in the treatment of jaundice and congestive torpor of the liver. The rhizomes and roots are used to treat urinary tract infections, cystitis, as well as kidney and bladder stones. |
Dealers
Products
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