| |
|
|
Botanical Name |
: |
Carthamus tinctorius L. |
English
Name |
: |
Safflower, Dyer's Saffron, American Saffron, Fake Saffron and Flores Carthami |
Family |
: |
Asteraceae |
| |
General Info
| Description |
 |
|
Its glabrous, branching stem grows from 1 to 3 feet high and bears alternate, sessile, oblong, or ovate-lanceolate leaves armed with small, spiny teeth. The orange-yellow flowers grow in flower heads about 1 to 11/2 inches across. This thistle is valued for its orange-yellow flowers in summer and for the oil contained in its seeds. |
| Herb Effects |
|
|
Laxative, reduces blood cholesterol and alleviates spasms (seed); kills bacteria, diaphoretic, diuretic and neutralizes uric acid. |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
|
|
Alpha-tocopherol, tetracosenoic, linoleic and oleic acids, stigmasterol, campesterol and beta-sitosterol (plant oil); alpha-phyllandrene, hexanal, limonene, p-cymene, phenol (bud); ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, niacin, oleic acid, palmitic acid, riboflavin, stearic acid, thiamin, tracheloside (seed); beta-ionone, caryophyllene,delta-cadinene, ethyl-acetate, terpinen-4-ol, verbenone (flower) |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
|
|
|
 |
Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
 |
|
| Linoleic acid |
8024-22-4 |
Octadeca-9,12-dienoi
c acid |
C18H32O2 |
|
| Oleic acid |
8046-01-3 |
octadec-9-enoic acid |
C18H34O2 |
|
| Stigmasterol |
4736-55-4 |
17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10
,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one |
C29H48O |
|
| Campesterol |
474-62-4 |
17-(5,6-dimethylhept
an-2-yl)-10,13-dimet
hyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,1
2,14,15,16
,17-dode
cahydro-1H-cyclopent
a[a]phenanthren-3-ol |
C28H48O |
|
| beta-Sitosterol |
5779-62-4 |
17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14,
15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol |
C29H50O |
|
| Ascorbic acid |
Not Available |
2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one |
C6H8O6 |
|
| Limonene |
9003-73-0 |
1-methyl-4-prop-1-en
-2-yl-cyclohexene |
C10H16 |
|
| alpha-Tocopherol |
364-50-1 |
2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol |
C30H52O2 |
|
| Tetracosanoic acid |
66502-42-9 |
Tetracosanoic acid |
C24H48O2 |
|
| Stigmasterol |
4736-55-4 |
17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10
,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one |
C29H48O |
|
| alpha-Phellandrene |
2243-33-6 |
2-methyl-5-propan-2-
yl-cyclohexa-1,3-die
ne |
C10H16 |
|
| Hexanal |
66-25-1 |
hexanal |
C6H12O |
|
| p-Cymene |
Not Available |
Dichlororuthenium;
1-methyl-5,6-dihydro
-4H-pyrimidine;
p-cymene |
C15H24Cl2N2Ru |
|
| Niacin |
99148-57-9 |
pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid |
C6H5NO2 |
|
| Palmitic acid |
66321-94-6 |
Hexadecanoic acid |
C16H32O2 |
|
| Riboflavin |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C17H21N4O9P |
|
| Stearic acid |
82497-27-6 |
Octadecanoic acid |
C18H36O2 |
|
| Thiamin |
59-43-8 |
2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni
acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol |
C12H17N4OS+ |
|
| Tracheloside |
Not Available |
(3S)-4-[(3,4-dimetho
xyphenyl)methyl]-3-h
ydroxy-3-[[3-methoxy
-4-[(2S,3R
,4S,5R,6
R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-phenyl]me
th
yl]oxolan-2-one |
C27H34O12 |
|
| Beta-ionone |
14901-07-6 |
4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1
-cyclohexenyl)but-3-
en-2-one |
C13H20O |
|
| Caryophyllene |
87-44-5 |
4,11,11-trimethyl-8-
methylidene-bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene |
C15H24 |
|
| delta-Cadinene |
Not Available |
1,6-dimethyl-4-propa
n-2-yl-2,3,4,4a,7,8-
hexahydronaphthalene |
C15H24 |
|
| Terpinen-4-ol |
Not Available |
4-methyl-1-propan-2-
yl-cyclohex-3-en-1-o
l |
C10H18O |
|
| Verbenone |
80-57-9 |
2,7,7-trimethylbicyc
lo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-4
-one |
C10H14O |
|
|
Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
|
|
Sores and pain related to rheumatism (seed oil); jaundice (flower); laxative (seed); boils, candida infections, dysmenorrhea, rashes, fever, gout, gynecopathy, lack of apetite, measles, tumors, as an antidote, an emmenagogue, in cases of hysteria, such as that associated with chlorosis; poultice used to ally inflammation of the womb after child birth (powdered seed). |
| Reference |
|
|
 Sharma, Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants.
Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.
Grieve M. A Modern Herbal (1931) (www.botanical.com).
Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference (www.herbweb.com/herbage). |
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