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Botanical Name |
: |
Pterocarpus santalinus |
English
Name |
: |
Red Sandal, Red Sanders, Ruby Wood |
Synonym(s) |
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Pterocarpi Lignum, Santalum rubrum. Lignum rubrum |
Family |
: |
Fabaceae |
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General Info
| Description |
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|
Tree standing as high as 25 ft (it is different from Pterocarpus marsupium because it has wider leaflets. which are always trifoliate). Bark is blackish-brown, deeply cleft into rectangular plates, and exudes a deep red juice when cut; leaves are usually imparipinnate; leaflets are 3 but rarely 5; flowers are yellow and are arranged in simple or sparingly branched racemes; pods are 5 cm in diameter including the wing, the central hard and long portion containing the seed; seeds are reddish brown, smooth and leathery. |
| Herb Effects |
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Coagulates semen (stem bark); alleviates spasms (stem); astringent, tonic, diuretic and diaphoretic |
Chemistry
| Active Ingredients |
|
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Beta-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, liquiritigenin, stigmasterol (plant); pterocarpolone, cryptomeridiol, pterocarpol and eudesmol (heartwood); betulin, lupenone, lupeol, epilupeol (bark); beta-eusdesmol, gallic acid, pterostilbene (wood) |
| Chemistry
of Active Ingredients |
|
|
|
 |
Name |
CAS# |
IUPAC Name |
Formula |
Structure |
 |
|
| Eudesmol |
Not Available |
2-(4a,8-dimethyldeca
lin-2-yl)propan-2-ol |
C15H28O |
|
| Lupenone |
1617-70-5 |
Not Available |
C30H48O |
|
| Lupeol |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C30H50O |
|
| Epilupeol |
4439-99-0 |
Not Available |
C30H50O |
|
| Beta-Amyrin |
559-70-6 |
4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a-
tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol |
C30H50O |
|
| Beta-sitosterol |
5779-62-4 |
17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, |
C29H50O |
|
| Liquiritigenin |
578-86-9 |
7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydro
xyphenyl)-chroman-4-
one |
C15H12O4 |
|
| Stigmasterol |
4736-55-4 |
17-(4-ethyl-1,5-dime
thyl-hex-2-enyl)-10,
13-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,
6,7,8,9,10
,11,12,1
3,14,15,16,17-hexade
cahydrocyclopenta[a]
phenanthren-3-one |
C29H48O |
|
| Pterocarpol |
Not Available |
(4aS,6R)-6-(2-hydrox
ypropan-2-yl)-8a-met
hyl-4-methylidene-de
calin-2-ol |
C15H26O2 |
|
| Betulin |
Not Available |
Not Available |
C30H50O2 |
|
| beta-Eudesmol |
473-15-4 |
2-(4a-methyl-8-methy
lidene-decalin-2-yl)
propan-2-ol |
C15H26O |
|
| Gallic acid |
149-91-7 |
3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid |
C7H6O5 |
|
| Pterostilbene |
537-42-8 |
4-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyp
henyl)ethenyl]phenol |
C16H16O3 |
|
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Pharmacology
| Medicinal Use |
|
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For skin diseases, boils and scorpion stings (heartwood); dysentery (fruit); as an astringent, for bleeding piles and to eyes in ophthalmia and to sour eyes (powder), used in cephalalgia, odontalgia, hemicrania, vomiting, diarrhea and dysentery. |
| Contraindication |
|
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Sandalwood oil should not be used by young children, pregnant or nursing women, or people with severe liver or kidney disease. |
| Reference |
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|
 Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.
Bentley and Trimen, Medicinal Plants. |
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