Adaptogen, appetizer, digestive, galactogogue, sialagogue, stomachic and tonic (root, whole plant)

Galactogogue (root)

Antibacterial, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, carminative, galactogogue, poultice, stimulant and stomachic.

As antiviral and antiinflammatory (rhizome); galactagogue (decoction of rhizome)

Roots are considered carminative, tonic and diuretic and used in bilious complaints. Leaves are galactagogue, diuretic, potentiates barbiturates and in mice, influences the central nervous system (50% EtOH plant extract).

Diuretic, emollient, astringent and galactagogue (root); diuretic, stimulant, acrid and aphrodisiac (culm)

Abortifacient, anthelmintic, antispasmodic, aromatic, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, galactogogue, stimulant and tonic (flowering stem, root bark)

Diuretic (leaves); diuretic, galactogogue, laxative and ophthalmic (root); laxative and ophthalmic (bark)

The plant is anodyne, antihaemorrhagic, antiseptic, astringent, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic, galactogogue, haemostatic, vulnerary, improves elasticity of and strengthens ligaments, antiiaging and promotes blood coagulation.

Diuretic, laxative, anthelmintic, galactagogue and emmenagogue(leaf); anticonvulsive, alleviates spasms, relaxes smooth muscles and depresses the central nervous system (bark).

It is considered that the laxative property resides in the saccharine juice of the fresh fruit and in the dried fruit is probably due to the indigestible seeds and skin. The fruit is mildly laxative, demulcent, digestive and pectoral. The unripe green fruits are cooked with other foods as a galactogogue and tonic. The roasted fruit is emollient and stimulates the cardiovascular system (aerial part).

Used as a tonic and galactagogue (fruits and leaves); anthelmintic (latex)

Antiseptic, astringent, emmenagogue, galactogogue and odontalgic (whole plant); abortifacient, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiseptic, antiulcer, astringent, deodorant, deobstruent, depurative, diuretic, digestive, hemostat, neurotonic, tonic, urinary antiseptic (leaves); nerve tonic and slightly astringent (tea from the leaves); diuretic (tea made from root).

Anti-asthmatic, anti-pyretic, anti-rheumatic, febrifuge, galactogogue, haemostatic, ophthalmic and oxytocic (bulb)

Antidote, antitussive, astringent, expectorant, galactogogue and purgative (bulb)

Diaphoretic, diuretic, galactogogue and hypoglycaemic (leaves and flowering tops)

Alleviates spasms (aerial part); cytotoxic, astringent, demulcent, diuretic and antigalactagogue (root); stimulates the uterus, demulcent and astringent(fruit); astringent (root and bark).

Galactogogue and diuretic

Stimulant, carminative, sudorific, antiseptic, sudorific, galactagogue and lactagogue (plant); antispasmodic and used in antirheumatic and antisuporific baths (leaves and tops)

Galactogogue (aerial parts)