The bark is bitter, styptic, diuretic and cardiotonic.

Sudorific (leaves); vermifuge (decoction of leaves); diuretic and cardiotonic (tannin from bark and leaves).

Emetic (decoction of bark or leaves); purgative, violent emetic and abortifacient (seeds); cardiotonic (purified thevetin from seed).

Restorative and tonic (leaves); analgesic, antibacterial, antirheumatic, antispasmodic, depurative, emmenagogue, febrifuge, resolvent, tonic and vasodilator (flowering stem); cardiotonic and haemostatic (seeds)

Cardiotonic, emetic, thermogenic antispasmodic, stimulant, tonic, digestive, anthelmintic and diuretic (fruit); condiment, stimulant, carminative (seeds)

Aphrodisiac and diuretic (fruit); alleviates spasms and stimulates the cardiovascular system, abortifacient, alterative, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, emmenagogue, galactogogue, pectoral and tonic (seed and plant); cardiotonic and enhances semen production (plant).

Lowers blood pressure, carminative, increases milk production and/or flow, depresses the central nervous system, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, diuretic, hemostatic, antiinflammatory, emmolient, rids the body of impurities and toxins.

Cardiotonic, strongly diuretic, emetic, when taken in large doses and expectorant, hypotensive (bulb)

Astringent, bitter (bark); cardiotonic (seed); irritant (plant juice).

Sedative, antispasmodic, cardiac, cytostatic, diuretic, hypotensive, narcotic, nervine, stimulant, tonic, vasodilator, emetic, anticancer and has a positve effect on arteriosclerosis (aerial part and leaf); hypotensive (leaf, wood and bark); diuretic and laxative (fruit); cardiotonic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, diuretic and purgative (fruit, leaf, wood and bark).