The entire plant is considered as laxative and aphrodisiac.

As an anodyne and febrifuge (bark); aphrodisiac, cordial and stimulant (flowers)

Inhibit reverse transcriptase, adjuvant, alterative, analgesic, anthelmintic, anticonvulsive, antidiarrheal, antiemetic, antihemorrhagic, aphrodisiac, blood cleanser, carminative, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, hemostat and laxative.

Depresses central nervous system (rhizome); anodyne, antibacterial, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, carminative, skin, stimulant, stomachic, tonic and vermifuge (root).

Antiseptic, aphrodisiac, carminative, preventitive, sedative, stimulant, tonic, strengthens functioning of the stomach and promotes its action, helpful in arresting secretion or bleeding, essential oil relaxes the involuntary muscle tissues.

Antibacterial, anticancer, antiseptic, antiviral, aphrodisiac, astringent, diuretic, stimulant.

An excellent tonic and restorative, helping in stressful times and increasing zest for life; antitussive, aphrodisiac, hepatic, astringent, cardiotonic, cholagogue, expectorant, hypotensive, lenitive, nervine, pectoral, sedative, stimulant, tonic, regulates the cardiovascular system (fruit); antirheumatic (plant)

Antitussive, aphrodisiac, hepatic, astringent, cardiotonic, cholagogue, expectorant, hypotensive, lenitive, nervine, pectoral, sedative, stimulant and tonic (fruit); antirheumatic (plant); anticancer (seed)

Digestible, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic

Astringent, aphrodisiac, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue and expectorant (plant); coolant and astringent (juice of the plant).

Emollient, diuretic, lactagogue, aphrodisiac, analgesic.

Aphrodisiac and astringent (resin); antiviral (aerial part).

Aphrodisiac, astringent, cooling and tonic (root); antimicrobial, hypotensive and antiarrhythmic (plant).

Aphrodisiac (seed); alleviates spasms, contraceptive, diuretic, antiprotozoal and cholinergic (plant); reduces fever (root).

Antiemetic, aphrodisiac, astringent, cardiac tonic, carminative, cordial, resolvent (root); anticancer and stimulates the cardiovascular system (plant); expectorant and carminative (root and plant); toxic, laxative and digestive (fruits).

Anthelmintic (seed and root); diuretic, hypoglycemic and aphrodisiac (plant); antibacterial and antifungal (essential oil); depurifies the body, alterant, depurative, refrigerant and tonic (flower).

Antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antiseptic, antiviral, aphrodisiac, carminative, deodorant, diuretic, expectorant, immunostimulant, laxative, sedative, stimulant, vermifuge.

Antiviral, stimulates the secretion of gastric juices. aphrodisiac and carminative (bud); antiinflammatory (plant); antibacterial, rubefacient, counter-irritant, antispasmodic, aids in stabilizing blood circulation, regulates body temperature and analgesic.

Astringent and aphrodisiac (fruit); antipyretic (fruit and plant); anticancer and hypoglycemic (seed oil); antiinflammatory (plant).

Aphrodisiac and diuretic (fruit); alleviates spasms and stimulates the cardiovascular system, abortifacient, alterative, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, emmenagogue, galactogogue, pectoral and tonic (seed and plant); cardiotonic and enhances semen production (plant).