All parts of the plant are antiphlogistic, astringent, demulcent, diuretic, emollient, expectorant, laxative, salve, antiseptic and hypothermic.

Antiseptic, aperient, cyanogenic, demulcent, diuretic, hemostat (tuber)

Antiseptic, antispasmodic, cholagogue, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, strongly expectorant, hepatic, stimulant and tonic (leaves and young flowering stems)

Antiseptic (leaf); stimulates the cardiovascular system and respiration and has effect on a nictating membrane (seed).

Stimulant, bitter, tonic, aromatic, emmenagogue, anodyne, antispasmodic, stomachic (plant); anodyne, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, sedative, stomachic, tonic and vasodilator (flower).

Antiseptic, antifungal, diaphoretic and expectorant (essential oil from leaves)

Alleviates spasms and antiprotozoal (aerial part); repels mosquitos, expectorant, carminative and anthelmintic (primarily against roundworms) (volatile oil); antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal and antidandruff.

Antiseptic (leaf essential oil).

Anodyne, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, antitussive, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emetic, emmenagogue, refrigerant, stimulant, stomachic, tonic and vasodilator (leaves)

The essential oil in the leaves is antiseptic.

Stimulant and astringent (leaf); antifungal and antibacterial (essential oil); anodyne, antiseptic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, refrigerant, stomachic, tonic, vasodilator (leaves and flowering plants)

Astringent, antirheumatic and carminative (leaf); antibacterial (essential oil); Antihypertensive, carminative, antiseptic and stimulant (plant)

Peppermint and menthol possess carminative, antispasmodic, and choleretic properties, and are also used as an external analgesic and nasal decongestant. antiseptic, relieves flatulence, soothes the stomach stimulant and promotes the flow of bile (plant); alleviates spasms (leaf); antifungal (essential oil); diuretic and expectorant.

Antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, sedative and stimulant (herb).

Aphrodisiac (decoction of the root and stem bark); galactagogue, aphrodisiac, tonic and purgative (bark); galactogogue and antiseptic (latex)

Acts as antiseptic (extracts from the leaves, bark and seed).

Anorectic, antiseptic, hallucinogen, narcotic.

The herb is cooling, diuretic, febrifuge, relieves thrist, burning sensation of the body, stomachic, aperient, antiseptic and stimulates the heart. Diaphoretic (flowers and tender shoots).

Antiseptic and induces immobility of sperm; bitter, stomachic, antiperiodic and aperient (leaves); emmenagogue (plant infusion).

Febrifuge and tonic (roots); tonic and antiseptic (bark); febrifuge, tonic and antiseptic (leaves); diuretic, laxative, emollient and as an emmenagogue (fruit); anthelmintic (roots, leaves and fruits).