Oil has antifungal and antibacterial properties; antimicrobial, analgesic, antipyretic and depresses the central nervous system (essential plant oil); antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cyanogenetic, diaphoretic, diuretic, expectorant, preventative (cold), stimulant and insecticidal.

Purifies blood (plant); astringent (flower); antimicrobial (essential plant oil).

Sedative, carminative, antiseptic, antimicrobial (in vivo), emmenagogue, antispasmodic, deodorant, diaphoretic, insecticide, parasitic, tonic and stimulant (plant oil).

Weak antimicrobial (plant oil)

Astringent (leaf and bark); hypothermic and stimulates the cardiovascular and central nervous systems (leaf); antimicrobial (seed extract); tonic and laxative (fruit)

Antimicrobial (seed extract) and antipyretic (leaf), contraceptive.

Carminative, stimulant (aromatic); stimulates the apetite, antimicrobial, antiaflatoxic, invigorates the heart, analgesic, antiinflammatory, refreshes the breath and aphrodisiac.

Antimicrobial (aerial part)

The essential oil is bactericidal, carminative and stimulant; expectorant and antiinflammatory (fruit); laxative and antispasmodic (root); antimicrobial (essential fruit oil); carminative (leaf and fruit); oxytocic and abortifacient (essential seed oil).

The rootstock is carminative, emmenagogue, expectorant, stimulant, stomachic and tonic. Vasodilator, alleviates spasms, hypoglycemic, antiasthmatic, antiinflammatory and stimulant (rhizome); anthelmintic and antimicrobial (essential oil from rhizome).

Antimicrobial and depresses the central nervous system (50% EtOH aerial part extract).

Antibacterial, immunomodulator (selectively changes some immune functions), central nervous system depressant, analgesic (pain-reliever), antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory.

Antimicrobial (leaves)

Stimulant, expectorant, tonic, increases the flow and/or secretion of milk, antiasthmatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, stomachic and mildly tonic (plant); antimicrobial (essential oil); astringent (leaves and seeds); stimulant, sudorific, emmenagogue and galactagogue (plant infusion)

Antimicrobial

Bronchodilator, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and pain-reliever (Leaves).

Antibiotic, antimicrobial, anti-neurasthenic, antispasmodic, diuretic, nervine, poison, sedative

Stimulant (essential oil); antimicrobial, expectorant, antiseptic, antiinflammatory, diaphoretic, aids in digestion and carminative (plant); antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, stimulant, stomachic and mildly tonic (leaves and flowering stem)

Expectorant, sedative, diaphoretic and pain reliever (flower); narcotic (latex); antimicrobial, anticancer (plant extract); sudorific, sedative and anodyne (petals); anodyne, emollient, emmenagogue, expectorant, hypnotic, slightly narcotic and sedative (flowers and petals)

Abortifacient and aphrodisiac (plant); anthelmintic, narcotic, alterative, lactagogue, antispasmodic, hypnotic, anodyne, emetic, alleviates spasms, narcotic and kills certain insects (seed); antimicrobial, hypertensive, stimulates motor tracts of the central nervous system, acts as an MAO inhibitor, diuretic, stupefacient,diaphoretic.