To treat fevers and problems of the mucous membranes such as catarrh and sore throats (root, root bark); for asthma, bronchitis and coughs (root); in the treatment of bronchial complaints including asthma and whooping cough, dysentery, sore throats, tonsillitis, haemorrhoids etc (plant); for cancer and venereal sores (bark)
As an antidote (bark and flower), for dispersing venereal buboes and for relieving pain in joints, for the relief of ear-ache and as anodyne in tooth-ache (leaf).